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The semistable locus depends on the linearization, not only on the sheaf
Statement refuted
The assertion "for a fixed projective action of a reductive group on a projective variety and a fixed ample invertible sheaf , the semistable locus depends only on , and the isomorphism class of " is false.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: AC inherited from the Proj construction (The Axiom of Choice); the one-point projective variety , the group acting trivially on , the invertible sheaf (which is trivial and ample because is affine), the trivial linearization of , and the linearization obtained from by the twist by the identity character , (G-linearizations of invertible sheaves on a complex G-variety).
The variety and its sections. is a single point ; is the trivial invertible sheaf, so for every and the global section is nowhere vanishing (Points of Proj of a graded ring, projective variety classical). The trivial sheaf on a one-point scheme is ample: the nonvanishing locus of the constant section is the affine scheme itself (Absolute ampleness by affine section opens).
Linearizations on the point. The total space of is the one-dimensional vector space , and a linearization of for the trivial action on is precisely an algebraic group homomorphism together with the action on the fibre; the trivial linearization is , and the twist of a linearization by a character multiplies the fibre action by that character (G-linearizations of invertible sheaves on a complex G-variety).
Semistable and stable points. A point is semistable for a linearized ample sheaf if some invariant section of a positive tensor power does not vanish at , and it is stable if in addition its orbit is closed in the semistable locus and its stabilizer is finite; the quotient is of the invariant section ring (Semistable and stable points for a linearization, The invariant section ring and the projective GIT quotient).
Proj of the invariant rings. is the one-point scheme: is its whole space and has chart ring (Standard opens are affine), while because the ring concentrated in degree zero has contained in every homogeneous prime (Points of Proj of a graded ring). The stabilizer of is itself, which is not finite and has dimension (Global and local dimension of classical varieties).
Counterexample
The trivial linearization. Let be the trivial linearization of , so that acts trivially on the total space . Then every global section of every is invariant and equal to a constant, and the section is nonzero at ; hence is semistable and . The stabilizer is not finite, so is not stable and . The invariant section ring is , so .
The twisted linearization. Let be the twist of by the character . By [F2] the induced action on the one-dimensional space is multiplication by , so a nonzero invariant section of would require , which fails for every since . Hence there is no nonzero invariant section of positive degree, , and the invariant section ring is in degree zero, so .
Conclusion. The two linearizations and have the same underlying ample invertible sheaf up to isomorphism, the same group and the same projective action on the same variety , yet they give the nonempty semistable locus and the empty semistable locus , and the one-point quotient and the empty quotient ; in particular at least one of the two linearizations is not the other (their invariant rings and quotient loci differ). So semistability depends on the linearization and not only on the isomorphism class of the sheaf, and the assertion displayed in the Statement refuted is false.
Remarks
- Reductivity and ampleness are satisfied. is linearly reductive: Torus rational modules and affine actions are lattice gradings decomposes every finite-dimensional rational module into character spaces, each a sum of one-dimensional modules. It is therefore reductive by Complete reducibility and the Reynolds operator for a complex reductive group. Also is ample on the one-point variety, so the counterexample meets every hypothesis of the refuted assertion; the failure is exactly the dependence on the linearization.
- Same twist computation as the example. This is the degenerate one-point case of the twist computation carried out on in GIT quotients of the projective line for different linearizations; it is the test prescribed by the design's boundary checks for this pair.
Depends on
- G-linearizations of invertible sheaves on a complex G-variety
- The invariant section ring and the projective GIT quotient
- Semistable and stable points for a linearization
- Points of Proj of a graded ring
- projective variety classical
- Absolute ampleness by affine section opens
- Global and local dimension of classical varieties
- The Axiom of Choice
- Torus rational modules and affine actions are lattice gradings
- Complete reducibility and the Reynolds operator for a complex reductive group
- Standard opens are affine
Used by
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Sources
- P. E. Newstead, Geometric Invariant Theory, lecture notes, CIMAT Guanajuato 2006 (CEL/HAL; archived copy) (standard reference, not scraped)
- Victoria Hoskins, Moduli Problems and Geometric Invariant Theory, FU Berlin lecture notes (2015/16) (standard reference, not scraped)
- I. Dolgachev, Lectures on Invariant Theory, London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series 296, Cambridge University Press, 2003 (standard reference, not scraped)