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Unrestricted graded natural transformations are not determined by the regular module

Statement refuted

Let k be a field and A=B=k the graded k-algebra concentrated in degree 0. The following over-generalisation is false:

Refuted claim. Every natural transformation between graded tensor functors on GrMod⁡0(k) is determined by its component on the regular module, so that the map η↦ηA is injective on the full hom-collection of natural transformations TM⇒TM′.

It is not so: on the identity functor there are natural transformations with the same component at k and different components elsewhere, and only the constant scalar families satisfy the equivariance square of Coherently shift-compatible functors and natural transformations. The equivariance restriction is therefore not vacuous, and dropping it would make the classification of Graded bimodule maps classify shift-compatible transformations false.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A field k, the graded k-algebra k concentrated in degree 0, a family of scalars (λd)d∈Z, graded left k-modules X,Y with a degree-zero k-linear map u:X→Y and an element x∈Xd, and integers d,r.

[L1]

The map η↦ηA is a bijection from coherent transformations between graded tensor functors onto the degree-zero bimodule maps, the coherent endomorphisms of the identity functor correspond bijectively to the scalars k, and a coherent transformation is exactly one satisfying the equivariance square for the comparisons of its source and target (Graded bimodule maps classify shift-compatible transformations).

[L2]

For the identity functor the canonical comparisons are the identities θX,r=1X{r} and coherence is the condition θX,rηX{r}=(ηX{r})θX,r (Coherently shift-compatible functors and natural transformations).

[L3]

Graded k-modules have homogeneous pieces Xd with X=⨁dXd, degree-zero maps preserve degrees, the internal shift has (X{r})d=Xd−r and distinct homogeneous pieces intersect trivially, so for each e the module k{e} with its generator in degree e has (k{e})e≠0 (Associative graded algebras, bimodules, and internal shifts).

[L4]

A natural transformation η:F⇒G satisfies Gf∘ηX=ηY∘Ff for every morphism f:X→Y (Natural transformation and its components).

[L5]

The tensor-unit map k⊗kX→X, c⊗x↦cx, is a natural isomorphism, so Tk=k⊗k− is naturally isomorphic to the identity functor (The regular module is a tensor unit: R⊗RN≅N and M⊗RR≅M).

[L6]

A field has distinguished 0≠1 (Field).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1L3L4

For every family (λd) the components ηX(x):=λdx for x∈Xd extend uniquely over finite homogeneous sums to degree-zero k-linear maps ηX:X→X, and these define a natural transformation η:id⇒id: for a degree-zero u:X→Y and x∈Xd one has u(x)∈Yd, so ηY(u(x))=λdu(x)=u(λdx)=u(ηX(x)).

2.1step 1.1L2L3

Such an η is coherent for the canonical comparisons of the identity functor if and only if λd+r=λd for all d,r: coherence reads ηX{r}=ηX{r} as underlying maps by [L2], and on x∈Xe−r=(X{r})e this is λex=λe−rx; taking X=k{e−r}, whose degree-(e−r) piece is nonzero [L3], gives λe=λe−r for all e,r, while a constant family clearly satisfies the square.

3.1step 2.1L1L5L6

Hence the coherent endomorphisms of the identity functor are exactly the constant families, and they correspond bijectively to k via η↦ηk, in agreement with [L1], where the coherent endomorphisms correspond to Hom⁡k-k(k,k)≅k: the constant family with scalar λ has component λ idX at every X, and since Tk≅id by the unit isomorphism [L5] the two descriptions agree.

3.2step 1.1step 2.1L3L5

The family λd=1 for d=1 and λd=0 for d≠1 is nonconstant, so by step 2.1 it is not coherent, but by step 1.1 it is a nonzero natural endomorphism of the identity functor: its component at k is λ0 idk=0, the same as that of the zero transformation, while its component at k{1} is λ1 idk{1}=idk{1}≠0 because (k{1})1≠0 [L3]; hence two distinct natural transformations of id have the same component at the regular module, and after transporting along Tk≅id [L5] there are distinct natural transformations Tk⇒Tk with the same image under η↦ηk.

4.1step 1.1step 3.1step 3.2L1L6∎

Collecting steps 1.1 to 3.2: the unconstrained natural endomorphisms of the identity form a family strictly larger than the coherent ones, they are not determined by their component on the regular module, and only the constant families satisfy the equivariance square; so the restriction on 2-cells in Coherently shift-compatible functors and natural transformations is genuinely needed for the classification of Graded bimodule maps classify shift-compatible transformations, exactly as Hazrat's remark on transformations between shift-commuting functors warns, and no choice is used.

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