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The integral regular localization equivalence restricts to Category O

Statement

Let κ be integral, regular and antidominant. Define the exact central-character subcategory Oχκexact={V∈O:(ker⁡χκ)V=0}. A strongly B-equivariant coherent Dκ-module means a coherent left Dκ-module with a rational B-linearization whose differential is the action-algebroid action and whose action is compatible with the Dκ-module structure. Then Loc⁡κ and Γκ restrict to inverse equivalences between Oχκexact and these strongly B-equivariant coherent modules.

The exact subcategory is distinct from the generalized-character block, where each vector is killed by some power of ker⁡χκ; the theorem does not identify the whole generalized block with B-equivariant coherent modules.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Integral regular antidominant κ; the BGG category O of The classical BGG category O; its finite-length and simple-highest-weight structure; and the equivalence of Regular antidominant Beilinson–Bernstein localization.

[F1]

Every object of O has finite length, and its simple objects are exactly the highest-weight modules L(λ) (Every object of O has finite length, The simple objects of O).

[F2]

The center acts on a cyclic highest-weight module of highest weight λ by the Harish–Chandra character z↦pr⁡(z)(λ); the shifted Harish–Chandra map separates Weyl orbits (The Harish-Chandra projection computes the highest-weight scalar, Harish-Chandra isomorphism for the center).

[F3]

In BGG category O, h acts semisimply and U(n+)v is finite-dimensional for each vector; the module is finitely generated (The classical BGG category O).

[F4]

The regular antidominant equivalence restricts to finitely generated Aκ-modules and coherent Dκ-modules, and its unit and counit are natural isomorphisms (Regular antidominant Beilinson–Bernstein localization).

[F5]

The Borel has the semidirect-product decomposition B=T⋉U. Multiplication in U is given by the height-ordered positive-root coordinates, whose finite BCH law is compatible with the Lie brackets; conjugation by T acts on each root subgroup through its root character (Borel, opposite unipotent groups and root coordinates).

Proof

1.1F1F2givenalgebra

Let V∈Oχκexact. By [F1] it has a finite composition series with factors L(λ). Since the central ideal ker⁡χκ annihilates V, it annihilates every subquotient; thus each factor has central character χκ. By [F2], this means λ+ρ and κ have the same values on all Weyl-invariant polynomials. These invariants separate the finite W-orbits: for two disjoint finite orbits, polynomial interpolation separates their point sets, and averaging the separating polynomial over W makes it invariant. Therefore λ+ρ=wκ for some w∈W. Since κ is integral, λ is integral, and every weight of L(λ) differs from λ by an element of the root lattice. All weights of V are therefore integral.

2.1F2F3F5step 1.1construct

For a weight vector v∈V, the subspace U(n+)v is finite-dimensional by [F3] and is stable under h, since [h,n+]⊆n+. Its weights are integral by step 1.1. Define the rational T-action on each such finite-dimensional subspace by its integral weight characters. Each positive-root operator is nilpotent there because it strictly raises weights in a finite weight set; more generally, a real linear functional positive on all positive roots gives a finite weight filtration strictly raised by every element of n+, so π(X) is nilpotent for each X∈n+. The Lie representation of the nilpotent algebra n+ integrates by u=exp⁡(X)↦exp⁡(π(X)): the finite BCH polynomial is respected by the Lie representation, and the exponential coordinates n+→U and their multiplication law are those of [F5]. For t0∈T, the weight action satisfies ρT(t0)exp⁡(π(X))ρT(t0)−1=exp⁡(π(Ad⁡(t0)X)), so [F5] combines the T and U actions into a rational B=T⋉U-action differentiating to the given b-action. Any finite sum of these subspaces is again finite-dimensional and b-stable; uniqueness of the exponential U-action and the prescribed weight action makes the constructions compatible under inclusions. The subspaces form a directed cover of V, so their compatible actions define a rational B-action on V.

3.1F3F4step 2.1

The TDO Dκ is G-equivariant by its action-algebroid construction. The diagonal B-action therefore makes Loc⁡κ(V) strongly B-equivariant; it is coherent by [F4]. Conversely, if M is strongly B-equivariant and coherent, its global sections inherit a rational B-action. The torus action is a direct sum of integral weight spaces, and the unipotent action makes each U(n+)-orbit finite-dimensional. By [F4], ΓM is finitely generated over Aκ, hence over U(g), and its central ideal acts by zero because Aκ is the central quotient in Flag-variety twisted differential operators and their modules. Thus ΓM lies in Oχκexact.

4.1F4step 3.1∎

The unit and counit of the equivalence in [F4] are natural and B-equivariant, because all functors and maps in their construction commute with the diagonal B-action. Their restrictions are still isomorphisms, so the two restricted functors are inverse equivalences.

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