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Pure braids as pure mapping classes
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let , let be the base configuration of Boundary-fixed mapping class group of a punctured disk, let be the geometric braid group at with endpoint-permutation homomorphism , and let be the pure geometric braid subgroup (The isotopy classes of geometric braids based at form a group, and the endpoint permutation is a homomorphism, Pure geometric braids and ordered configuration loops). Let
be the braid-to-mapping-class isomorphism of Braid group as boundary-fixed punctured-disk mapping classes. Then
under the braid-to-mapping-class isomorphism the pure geometric braid subgroup is exactly the pure boundary-fixed mapping class group. The assertion holds for every , the cases being trivial.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The Axiom of Choice, the number , the base configuration , the braid group with its endpoint-permutation homomorphism , and the isomorphism of Braid group as boundary-fixed punctured-disk mapping classes.
is a group isomorphism (Braid group as boundary-fixed punctured-disk mapping classes).
For every one has , where is the endpoint of a lift of the raw slice loop with initial value , and for the ordered coordinate lift of (Braid group as boundary-fixed punctured-disk mapping classes).
is a locally trivial bundle whose fibre over is exactly ; hence a boundary-fixing homeomorphism lies in exactly when (Evaluation is a numerable bundle and Hurewicz fibration).
The quotient covering has a unique lift of a based loop at starting at , and writing the lift as its coordinates form a geometric braid based at whose unordered slice at every time is the given loop (An interior configuration loop traces a geometric braid).
For a braid one has for , and is well defined on braid-isotopy classes (Geometric braids in the disc with setwise endpoints, The isotopy classes of geometric braids based at form a group, and the endpoint permutation is a homomorphism).
For every there is a unique permutation with for all , and this permutation is locally constant along a path in (Boundary-fixed mapping class group of a punctured disk).
is identified with the subgroup of consisting of the classes with trivial permutation of ; for the setwise and pointwise stabilisers of coincide (Pure boundary-fixed mapping classes).
The pure geometric braid subgroup is (Pure geometric braids and ordered configuration loops).
Proof
The lift endpoint induces the endpoint permutation. Fix and let be a lift of the raw slice loop with , so that with and by [L2]; here is the ordered coordinate lift of from , whose coordinates satisfy by [L4] and [L5]. First, lies in : indeed , so and [L3] applies. Therefore the unique permutation of [L6] is defined, and evaluating the identity in the -th coordinate gives so : the permutation realised by the evaluation endpoint of the lifted slice is exactly the geometric endpoint permutation of the braid class.
Trivial permutation is exactly purity. By [L7], a class lies in exactly when the permutation it induces on is trivial; by [L6] the permutation induced by a representative is a class invariant, so the condition is for the endpoint of any such representative. Combining with step 1.1, for we have the equivalence the last equivalence being the definition [L8] of the pure subgroup as the kernel of .
Conclusion. The equivalence of step 2.1 says that an element satisfies if and only if ; since is a bijection by [L1], it carries onto . The restriction is a group isomorphism onto its image because is a group isomorphism by [L1], so the pure geometric braid subgroup equals the pure boundary-fixed mapping class group under this identification. When both groups are trivial and the statement is immediate; when the group is trivial, so every braid class is pure, and by [L7] the setwise and pointwise stabilisers of the one-point marked set coincide, so every mapping class is pure; the equivalence above also holds in these cases because for every one-strand braid.
Remarks
- The corollary is the mapping-class counterpart of the published identification of the pure braid group with the fundamental group of the ordered configuration space; here the geometric endpoint permutation is compared with the permutation induced on the marked points by the lifted homeomorphism, and the two are literally the same permutation by step 1.1.
- Consistency with the published covering monodromy (The geometric endpoint permutation matches covering monodromy): the monodromy of is , while the label record of the endpoint tuple read in step 1.1 is ; the inverse is exactly the label-versus-action conversion recorded in the definition of endpoint monodromy, so both computations describe the same permutation of the marked set. This is a consistency check between two published computations, not a proof input: the argument above uses only the endpoint labels .
- The Axiom of Choice is inherited from the braid-to-mapping-class isomorphism and is not used again here: the endpoint permutation of a braid and the permutation induced by a homeomorphism of the pair are read off the given data without any selection.
Depends on
- Braid group as boundary-fixed punctured-disk mapping classes
- Evaluation is a numerable bundle and Hurewicz fibration
- An interior configuration loop traces a geometric braid
- Geometric braids in the disc with setwise endpoints
- The isotopy classes of geometric braids based at $Q$ form a group, and the endpoint permutation is a homomorphism
- Pure geometric braids and ordered configuration loops
- Pure boundary-fixed mapping classes
- Boundary-fixed mapping class group of a punctured disk
- The geometric endpoint permutation matches covering monodromy
- The Axiom of Choice
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Juan Gonzalez-Meneses, Basic results on braid groups, sections 1.3-1.4, printed pp. 5-7 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Joan S. Birman and Tara E. Brendle, Braids: A Survey, section 1.3, author manuscript pp. 5-7 (standard reference, not scraped)