How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
- Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
- AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Higher homotopy group by based cubes
Definition
Let , , and . Write for the points with at least one coordinate 0 or 1. The set consists of continuous with , modulo homotopies fixed on that entire boundary. This is a quotient by an equivalence relation by Homotopy relative to a fixed subspace, and path homotopy relative to endpoints, are equivalence relations.
The proposed product traverses first in coordinate 1: Here , absent when . The constant map is denoted and reversal is . The following lemmas establish well-definedness and the group laws. For this is the convention of Based loops and the fundamental group. Separately, is the set of path components pointed by the component of ; no group law on it is asserted.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
11 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Hatcher, Algebraic Topology, Chapter 4 (standard reference, not scraped)