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DefinitionDefinition: Literature-sourcedProof: Not applicablePipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)verified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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The admissible Wada quotient of a deficiency-one exterior spine

Definition

Assume the Axiom of Choice convention of the twisted-chain definition. Let L be a nonempty oriented link, let EL be its chosen compact exterior, and let X be a finite based two-dimensional CW complex with one 0-cell, n≥2 oriented 1-cells x1,…,xn, and n−1 oriented 2-cells attached by based words r1,…,rn−1. The supplied data include a based cellular spine certificate: a finite sequence of elementary cellular expansions and collapses identifying the simple-homotopy type of X with the selected finite CW structure on EL. Thus an abstract group isomorphism π1(X)≅π1(EL) alone is not a spine certificate. Let G=π1(EL), let ρ:G→GLd(F) and ψ:G↠H be the representation and declared free-abelian deck map, and put Q=Frac⁡(F[H]). The associated deficiency-one presentation is ⟨x1,…,xn∣r1,…,rn−1⟩ through the certified spine map. For w∈Fn, define Fox derivatives recursively by ∂xk/∂xj=δkj, ∂(uv)/∂xj=∂u/∂xj+u ∂v/∂xj, and ∂xk−1/∂xj=−xk−1δkj. Extend them linearly to the group ring and let Φ:F[Fn]→Md(Q) be the ring homomorphism induced by xk↦ρ(xk)ψ(xk). Form the block Fox matrix J=(Φ(∂ri/∂xk))i,k, of size (n−1)d by nd. For a chosen column index j, let Jj^ be obtained by deleting its entire d-column block and let Dj=det⁡(ρ(xj)ψ(xj)−Id). The Wada quotient for this column is defined only when Dj≠0, and then is Wj=det⁡(Jj^)/Dj∈Q; a zero denominator makes that column inadmissible even when another column is valid. No abstract deficiency-one presentation is assigned exterior torsion unless its presentation complex is the stated based spine.

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