Alphabeta Math
DefinitionDefinition: Literature-sourcedProof: Not applicablePipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-07
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Sum-check with explicit degree bounds

Definition

A sum-check instance consists of a supplied finite field F, a fixed formal polynomial gF[X1,,Xn] with n1, trusted nonnegative integer individual degree bounds di satisfying degXigdi for every i, a claimed value HF, and trusted access to point evaluation of that same g on Fn. Zero polynomials satisfy every nonnegative bound. The claim is H=b{0,1}ng(b). The field order is as in Finite fields and their order, the formal ring as in Polynomial rings in finitely many commuting indeterminates by iteration, and correctness uses the honest/universal-strategy quantifiers of Completeness and soundness of an interactive protocol.

Set C0=H. For each i=1,,n, in this order:

  1. Receive a coefficient list (a0,,am) specifying hi(T)=j=0majTj, with 0mdi. Reject a missing, malformed, non-field, or overlength message. The single coefficient 0 represents zero; trailing zero coefficients are allowed up to the length cap.
  2. Check hi(0)+hi(1)=Ci1; reject on failure.
  3. Only after that message is fixed and checked, draw a fresh independent uniform riF and put Ci=hi(ri). Send ri to the prover if i<n; sending it when i=n is optional.

Finally compute g(r1,,rn) through the trusted evaluator and accept exactly when it equals Cn and every earlier check passed. In particular n=1 still has a coefficient message, a fresh challenge, and a terminal comparison. The evaluator's answer is not an unchecked prover assertion.

For a fixed challenge prefix, the honest round polynomial is qi(T)=b{0,1}nig(r1,,ri1,T,b). The cube of dimension zero has one empty tuple, so qn(T)=g(r1,,rn1,T). Write Si=b{0,1}nig(r1,,ri,b),S0=b{0,1}ng(b). A scalar claim at stage i is true when Ci=Si. The honest prover sends hi=qi. The input H is not counted as an additional prover message.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources