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The simple module over dual numbers is not perfect
Example
Assume AC for the published balanced-Tor comparison. Let be a field, and . The periodic free resolution
where under , has kernel and image equal to at every positive stage. Therefore for every , and is not a perfect object of , although it is bounded with finite-dimensional cohomology.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The Axiom of Choice; a field ; the ring ; the module ; and the displayed augmented sequence of copies of , read with on the left for the resolution and with as a right -module for the tensor computation.
An object of is perfect when it is isomorphic there to a bounded cochain complex of finitely generated projective left -modules, and a bounded complex of arbitrary modules is not thereby perfect (Perfect complexes over a ring and its graded version).
AC selects from every family of nonempty sets, and AC implies DC (The Axiom of Choice, AC implies DC implies countable choice).
For a specified projective resolution of the left module , the left-resolution construction is (Tor from a projective resolution of the left module).
Under DC, balanced Tor is defined from supplied projective resolutions and is independent of the supplied resolution up to a canonical identification (The balanced Tor bifunctor).
The bounded-above derived tensor is a bifunctor on the derived categories, represented by for a supplied projective replacement (equivalently by ), and independent of the supplied replacements up to the canonical comparison quasi-isomorphisms (Derived tensor product in the bounded above setting, Bounded above flat tensor complexes preserve quasi isomorphisms).
Under DC, with supplied projective resolutions, naturally in both variables (Homology of the derived tensor product is tor).
The tensor total complex of a complex with a single nonzero row has that row as its underlying graded object, with the Koszul sign absorbed into the differential (The tensor product of a right and a left chain complex is totalized by direct sums with the Koszul differential).
The canonical functor is fully faithful; thus an isomorphism in between bounded-above complexes lifts to an isomorphism in (Bounded derived localizations embed fully faithfully).
Verification
For one has , so multiplication by has : the kernel consists exactly of the multiples of , and it equals the image. The quotient augmentation is surjective with kernel , equal to the image of the differential into the degree-zero copy of . Thus the sequence is exact at every copy of and at , and is a free resolution with every term finitely generated free.
Since is commutative, the resolution of step 1.1 supplies both a left and a right projective resolution of . Applying to its unaugmented complex gives a complex with in every nonnegative degree and induced differentials equal to multiplication by on , which is zero because ; hence its homology is in every degree . By [F4] the specified-resolution Tor is for every ; under the DC supplied by AC [F3], the balanced bifunctor [F5] identifies this with , and [F7] then gives for every , in particular for all .
Suppose were perfect; then [F1] supplies a bounded cochain complex of finitely generated projective left -modules together with an isomorphism in . Both and are bounded above, so [F9] lifts this isomorphism to . Since the bounded-above derived tensor is a bifunctor in its second variable [F6], the lifted isomorphism gives . The identity is a quasi-isomorphism from a bounded-above complex of projective modules, so it is a supplied projective replacement as required by [F6]. Thus is represented by , which by [F8] is the bounded complex : its differential is since the first factor is in degree zero, and it vanishes outside the finite support of . Therefore for all sufficiently large , contradicting step 2.1, which gives the nonzero in every degree . Hence is not perfect, and since it is a complex concentrated in degree with finite dimensional over and all other cohomology zero, this failure of perfectness is not detected by boundedness or by finite-dimensional cohomology.
Depends on
- Perfect complexes over a ring and its graded version
- The Axiom of Choice
- AC implies DC implies countable choice
- Tor from a projective resolution of the left module
- The balanced Tor bifunctor
- Derived tensor product in the bounded above setting
- Homology of the derived tensor product is tor
- Bounded above flat tensor complexes preserve quasi isomorphisms
- The tensor product of a right and a left chain complex is totalized by direct sums with the Koszul differential
- Bounded derived localizations embed fully faithfully
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
37 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- The Stacks Project, More on Algebra, Definition 15.76.1 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Weibel, The K-book, Chapter II, Example 9.7.5 (standard reference, not scraped)