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Total and separate Hochschild degrees for a two-term complex

Example

Assume the Axiom of Choice (AC). Let k be a field, let R=k[x] be graded by deg⁡intx=2, and let F be the bounded cochain complex of k-central R-bimodules with F0=R,F1=R{4},Fi=0 (i≠0,1),dF=0. Then the four nonzero termwise Hochschild groups are HH0(R,F0)≅R,HH1(R,F0)≅R{2},HH0(R,F1)≅R{4},HH1(R,F1)≅R{6}, as graded R-modules, with (i,j,degree of a free R-generator) equal to (0,0,0),(0,1,2),(1,0,4),(1,1,6), projecting to total cochain degrees 0,−1,1,0 respectively. The resulting total hyperhomology is HHhyper,0(R,F)≅R⊕R{6},HHhyper,−1(R,F)≅R{2},HHhyper,1(R,F)≅R{4}, with all other total degrees zero. In this zero-differential example the E2 page already gives the total hyperhomology, because the total complex is a direct sum of the two individual Hochschild complexes; in general the separate (i,j) decomposition of the hyperhomology is only a filtration, whose associated graded object is the E∞ page.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC, a field k, the algebra R=k[x] graded by deg⁡intx=2, and the complex F of k-central R-bimodules with F0=R, F1=R{4}, all other terms zero, and zero differential.

[F1]

Assume AC. For R=k[x1,…,xn] graded by deg⁡intxi=2 and regarded as its regular bimodule there are isomorphisms of graded R-modules HHj(R,R)≅R(nj){2j} for 0≤j≤n, and HHj(R,R)=0 for j>n; for n=0 this gives HH0(k,k)=k and HHj(k,k)=0 for j>0 (Diagonal Hochschild homology of a polynomial ring).

[F2]

For every integer r and graded module M the internal shift has (M{r})d=Md−r and the same scalar action; when M is a graded bimodule both actions are unchanged, remain homogeneous and commute, so M{r} is again a graded bimodule, and (M{r}){−r}=M (Associative graded algebras, bimodules, and internal shifts).

[F3]

The Hochschild chains are Cj(A,M)=M⊗kA⊗kj with C0(A,M)=M and boundary the alternating sum of the faces, the faces being built from the two module actions and the multiplication of A, and HHj(A,M)=Hj(C∙(A,M)) (Hochschild chains and Hochschild homology with coefficients).

[F4]

For a bounded complex F of k-central A-bimodules each differential dFi commutes with the Hochschild faces and induces a map HHj(A,dFi):HHj(A,Fi)→HHj(A,Fi+1), and these maps make (HHj(A,F∙),HHj(A,dF∙)) a cochain complex with cohomology Hi (Termwise Hochschild homology and iterated homology).

[F5]

The Hochschild hyperhomology total complex has Tn(A,F)=⨁i−j=n, j≥0Cj(A,Fi) with differential D=dF+(−1)ib acting on the (i,j) summand, and HHhyper,n(A,F) is the cohomology of T∙(A,F) in total degree n (Hochschild hyperhomology of a bounded bimodule complex).

[F6]

Under the bounded-complex hypotheses, the filtration by the cochain index i yields a cohomological spectral sequence with E1i,−j=HHj(A,Fi) and E2i,−j=Hi(HHj(A,F∙)), abutting to the finite image filtration by E∞i,−j≅gr⁡iHHhyper,i−j(A,F); the result asserts nothing about the vanishing of higher differentials (Termwise Hochschild spectral sequence of a bounded bimodule complex).

[F7]

For graded modules M,N over k and integers r,s, the identity on elementary tensors induces a degree-zero isomorphism M{r}⊗kN{s}≅(M⊗kN){r+s}, natural in M and N (Graded associativity, units, and internal-shift tensor isomorphisms).

[F8]

AC is the choice-function principle: every family of nonempty sets has a choice function (The Axiom of Choice); it is assumed here only to license the AC-qualified computation [F1] at step 1.4.

Verification

technique · direct
1.1F2givenalgebra

The grading puts Rd=kxd/2 for even d≥0 and Rd=0 for odd d, so R is graded with 1R of internal degree 0; the regular bimodule is k-central, and by [F2] the shift R{4} is again a graded k-central R-bimodule, with (R{4})d=Rd−4 and 1 of internal degree 4. Hence F, with F0=R in cochain degree 0, F1=R{4} in cochain degree 1 and all other terms zero, is a bounded cochain complex of graded k-central R-bimodules whose differential dF=0 is a degree-zero bimodule map.

1.2F3F4givenalgebra

By [F3] the termwise groups are HHj(R,Fi)=Hj(C∙(R,Fi)) with Cj(R,Fi)=Fi⊗kR⊗kj, and the induced map HHj(R,dF0) is induced by the zero chain map, hence is zero; so by [F4] the termwise complex is the two-term complex HHj(R,F0)→ 0 HHj(R,F1) concentrated in cochain degrees 0 and 1, with H0=HHj(R,F0), H1=HHj(R,F1) and all other cohomology zero.

1.3F3F5givenalgebra

By [F5] the total complex is Tn(R,F)=⨁i−j=n, j≥0Cj(R,Fi) with D=dF+(−1)ib; since dF=0 the differential acts on Cj(R,Fi) by (−1)ib alone, so T∙(R,F) is the direct sum of the two column complexes (C∙(R,F0),b) and (C∙(R,F1),−b), which have the same cycles and the same boundaries, and hence the same homology, as (C∙(R,F0),b) and (C∙(R,F1),b). Therefore HHhyper,n(R,F)≅⨁i−j=n, i∈{0,1}, j≥0HHj(R,Fi) as graded k-modules.

1.4F1F8givenalgebra

Applying [F1] with n=1 gives HH0(R,R)≅R(10){0}=R and HH1(R,R)≅R(11){2}=R{2}, while HHj(R,R)=0 for j>1.

1.5F2F3F7givenalgebra

By [F3] and [F7] the chain module Cj(R,R{4})=(R{4})⊗kR⊗kj is identified with Cj(R,R){4}=(R⊗kR⊗kj){4} by the identity on elementary tensors, a degree-zero k-linear isomorphism; the faces of [F3] use only the left action, the right action and the multiplication of R, none of which the shift changes, so the identification intertwines the Hochschild boundaries and induces HHj(R,R{4})≅HHj(R,R){4} for every j as graded k-modules.

2.1F2step 1.4step 1.5algebra

Combining steps 1.4 and 1.5 with F0=R and F1=R{4}: HH0(R,F0)≅R and HH1(R,F0)≅R{2}, while HH0(R,F1)≅HH0(R,R){4}≅R{4} and HH1(R,F1)≅HH1(R,R){4}≅R{2}{4}=R{6} by [F2]; moreover HHj(R,Fi)=0 for j>1 and i=0,1, so these four groups are the only nonzero termwise groups.

3.1F5step 1.2step 2.1givenalgebra

The four nonzero termwise groups sit in bidegree (i,j) with their free R-generators in internal degrees 0,2,4,6: (0,0) has R, (0,1) has R{2}, (1,0) has R{4}, and (1,1) has R{6}. Since the total index of [F5] is n=i−j, they project to total cochain degrees 0, −1, 1 and 0 respectively, placing R and R{6} in total degree 0, R{2} in total degree −1 and R{4} in total degree 1.

4.1step 1.3step 3.1algebra

By step 1.3 the hyperhomology is the direct sum of the termwise groups computed in step 3.1, so HHhyper,0(R,F)≅R⊕R{6}, HHhyper,−1(R,F)≅R{2} and HHhyper,1(R,F)≅R{4}, with all other total degrees zero; the two free generators in total degree 0 have internal degrees 0 and 6.

5.1F6step 1.2step 3.1step 4.1givenalgebra

By [F6] the filtration yields a spectral sequence with E1i,−j=HHj(R,Fi) and E2i,−j=Hi(HHj(R,F∙)), and step 1.2 identifies the second page as E20,0=R, E20,−1=R{2}, E21,0=R{4}, E21,−1=R{6} and zero elsewhere; every differential dr with r≥2 has empty target because E2 is supported only in the columns i=0,1, so E2=E∞. The abutment of [F6] then reads gr⁡0HHhyper,0=R, gr⁡1HHhyper,0=R{6}, gr⁡0HHhyper,−1=R{2} and gr⁡1HHhyper,1=R{4}. The degree-zero extension is split because the zero differential makes the total complex the direct sum of the two Hochschild column complexes, as shown in 1.3; their free generators have internal degrees 0 and 6.

6.1F6step 4.1step 5.1givenalgebra∎

Collecting: the four nonzero termwise groups are HH0(R,F0)≅R, HH1(R,F0)≅R{2}, HH0(R,F1)≅R{4} and HH1(R,F1)≅R{6}, with free-generator degrees 0,2,4,6 at (i,j)=(0,0),(0,1),(1,0),(1,1), projecting to total cochain degrees 0,−1,1,0; the zero differential makes the total complex a direct sum of the two Hochschild complexes, giving HHhyper,0≅R⊕R{6}, HHhyper,−1≅R{2} and HHhyper,1≅R{4} with all other total degrees zero, and the E2 page equals the E∞ page. In contrast to this split situation, for a general bounded F the cochain-index pieces only filter the hyperhomology, as in [F6], where neither degeneration of the spectral sequence nor a splitting of the (i,j) pieces is asserted.

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