Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: AI-generatedVerification: AI-generatedPipeline-generatedverified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

A stable two-point potential gives a Lipschitz posterior

Example

Let X=Y=R, D={−1,1}, and let μ0 be the atomic Borel probability on R given by μ0(A)=121{1∈A}+121{−1∈A} for Borel A. For each fixed datum y∈R, use the finite potential Φ(u;y)=12(y−u)2. Its evidence and posterior mass at 1 are Z(y)=12(e−(y−1)2/2+e−(y+1)2/2)>0,Πy({1})=e2y1+e2y. For every R>0, this potential satisfies the weighted envelope and data-Lipschitz assumptions of the Hellinger data-stability theorem; hence some CR<∞ satisfies h(Πy,Πy′)≤CR∣y−y′∣ for all y,y′∈[−R,R]. These are pointwise fixed-data updates; no observation law or conditional-law version is asserted.

Example references

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The two-point prior, finite potential, pointwise evidence/posterior convention, and a data interval [−R,R] with R>0.

[F1]

The fixed-data posterior density relative to μ0 is e−Φ(u;y)/Z(y) when 0<Z(y)<∞. Misfit evidence and the potential posterior law

[F2]

The data-stability theorem gives a root-L2 Hellinger Lipschitz bound for every pair of data in a bounded ball, and the defining Hellinger distance for the supplied posterior densities is their root-L2 distance. Hellinger stability of function-space posteriors under data perturbations, Root-L2 Hellinger distance for dominated laws

[F4]

For each fixed u∈D, y↦12(y−u)2 is a continuous real polynomial; the open slices {u}×R show that Φ is jointly continuous. Every open O⊆D×R is ⋃u∈D{u}×Ou with each Ou open in R, and each such rectangle belongs to the product sigma-algebra. Thus every open preimage under Φ is product-measurable; since open sets generate the real Borel sets and the extended-real Borel sigma-algebra restricts to the real one, Φ is measurable as an extended-real-valued map. Continuity of a map of topological spaces at a point and globally, Subspace topology: the traces of the open sets, its closed sets and its bases, the continuity of the inclusion, and the characteristic property of a map into a subspace, The product set ∏i∈IXi of functions choosing a point in each factor, the projections, the box topology, and the product topology as the initial topology of the projections; the empty product is a one-point space, Sums, scalar multiples, products, absolute values, maxima, minima and quotients with nonvanishing denominator of continuous functions are continuous, as are constants, the identity and every polynomial function, The product sigma-algebra and its finite iterates, The Borel sigma-algebra of a topological space, The extended real line R‾=R∪{−∞,+∞}, its order, and the arithmetic that is left undefined, The Borel sigma-algebra on the extended real line, A measurable function between measurable spaces

Verification

Given: X=Y=R, D={−1,1}, the equal-atom prior, and Φ(u;y)=12(y−u)2.

1.1F2F3F4givenalgebraconstruct

For any a∈R, the intervals (x−∣x−a∣/2,x+∣x−a∣/2), indexed by x≠a, cover R∖{a} and omit a; hence R∖{a} is open and every singleton is closed. Therefore D is Borel as a finite union of closed sets, and it is bounded because ∣u∣=1 on D. The open intervals (1/2,3/2) and (−3/2,−1/2) intersect D in {1} and {−1}, respectively, so every singleton is relatively open and D has the discrete relative topology. The displayed finite atomic measure is countably additive and its two atom masses sum to one, so it is a Borel probability with μ0(D)=1. Thus D itself is a bounded Borel subset of positive prior mass, as required by the theorem. The real line is a separable Banach space. By [F4], for any open O⊆R, Φ−1(O) intersects each open slice {u}×R in an open subset of that slice, hence open in D×R; taking the union over u∈D proves joint continuity. The potential is nonnegative. For ∣y∣,∣y′∣≤R and u∈D, ∣Φ(u;y)−Φ(u;y′)∣=12∣y−y′∣∣y+y′−2u∣≤(R+∣u∣)∣y−y′∣. Here ∣y+y′−2u∣≤∣y∣+∣y′∣+2∣u∣≤2R+2∣u∣ by the triangle inequality. Thus choose M1(r,s)=0 and M2(r,s)=r+s, which are Borel and nondecreasing in each argument. Then ∫DeM1(R,∣u∣)(1+M2(R,∣u∣)2) dμ0(u)=1+(R+1)2<∞, so [F2] applies and gives the stated Hellinger Lipschitz stability on [−R,R].

2.1F1step 1.1givenalgebra∎

By [F1], the evidence is the displayed two-term sum and is positive. The posterior mass ratio is Πy({1})Πy({−1})=e−(y−1)2/2e−(y+1)2/2=e2y; the two masses sum to one, so Πy({1})=e2y/(1+e2y). The verified evidence and the explicit formula determine the whole two-point posterior.

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