Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: AI-adaptedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

Regular conditional law of one coordinate given another

Example

Assume AC for the compact Riemann–Lebesgue integration bridge. On R2 take joint density p(x,y)=21{0<x<y<1}. For the coordinate random variables X,Y, a conditional law of X given Y=y is uniform on (0,y) when 0<y<1, with the fixed δ0 filler otherwise: K(y,A)={λ1(A(0,y))/y,0<y<1,1A(0),y(0,1).

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The hypotheses and conventions in the example.

[F1]

The density ratio on finite positive marginal fibres, with fixed probability filling, gives a conditional kernel. Conditional density formula.

[F3]
[F4]

AC supplies countable choice for the compact integral bridge. The Axiom of Choice.

[F5]

Tonelli gives measurable marginal section integrals and the joint total mass. Tonelli's theorem for nonnegative measurable functions on a sigma-finite product.

[F6]

The nonnegative density defines the joint measure. The indefinite integral of a nonnegative measurable function is a measure.

Verification

technique · direct
1.1

The triangle is product-measurable, since its defining strict inequalities between coordinates are open conditions (or countable rational rectangle unions). For 0<y<1 the section integral is m(y)=0y2dx=2y, and it is zero for all other y. The constant primitive 2x computes this integral by [F2] and [F3]; finite endpoints are Lebesgue-null, as follows from containment in intervals of arbitrarily small length. Likewise 012ydy=[y2]01=1. Thus [F5] shows the nonnegative joint density has total mass one, and [F6] constructs the probability. The bridge uses the countable choice supplied by [F4].

F2F3F4F5F6
2.1

On 0<y<1, 0<m(y)=2y< and Ap(x,y)dx=2λ1(A(0,y)). Dividing gives the displayed uniform kernel. Off this interval the marginal is zero, so [F1] allows the supplied point-mass probability δ0. Its event value is 1A(0) and it is countably additive because at most one member of a disjoint event sequence contains 0. For any Borel A,B, the conditional rectangle calculation is BK(y,A)PY(dy)=B(0,1)λ1(A(0,y))y2ydy=B(0,1)2λ1(A(0,y))dy, the joint probability by [F5]. In particular K(1/2,(0,1/4))=(1/4)/(1/2)=1/2, while K(0,(0,1/4))=0 under the specified filler. The latter is not a value of a density ratio.

step 1.1F1F5

Depends on

Used by

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Sources