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The real -dimensional irreducible representation of has endomorphism ring
Example
Let , and let . Define Sending to makes into a real -dimensional representation of . This representation is irreducible, and its endomorphism ring is a copy of .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The cyclic group and the matrix above.
A representation is irreducible exactly when it has no proper nonzero subrepresentation (Subrepresentations, direct sums of representations, and irreducibility).
A -endomorphism is a linear map commuting with the action of every group element (Intertwiners, the spaces and , equivalent representations, and faithful representations).
The real numbers form an ordered field, and every nonzero square is positive (The reals form a totally ordered field, Squares of nonzero elements are positive).
Every complex number has a unique form , and ( is a field, every element is uniquely , and every nonzero element has inverse , The complex numbers as , with the real embedding and imaginary unit ).
Verification
A direct multiplication gives , hence . Therefore defines a real representation of on .
Let . The condition from [L2] is equivalent to and , so the commuting endomorphisms are exactly the matrices with .
Let be a nonzero invariant line, and choose . Then for some . Applying the polynomial identity from step 1.1 gives , so . But by [L3], impossible. Hence no nonzero proper invariant line exists, so the representation is irreducible by [L1].
The map given by is bijective by the uniqueness in [L4], and the multiplication formula in [L4] matches matrix multiplication of these matrices. Therefore is a copy of .
Depends on
- The complex numbers as $\mathbb R[x]/(x^2+1)$, with the real embedding and imaginary unit $i$
- The subgroup $\langle S \rangle$ generated by a subset, the cyclic subgroup $\langle g \rangle$, and cyclic groups
- Intertwiners, the spaces $\operatorname{Hom}_G(V,W)$ and $\operatorname{End}_G(V)$, equivalent representations, and faithful representations
- Subrepresentations, direct sums of representations, and irreducibility
- Squares of nonzero elements are positive
- $\mathbb C=\mathbb R[x]/(x^2+1)$ is a field, every element is uniquely $a+bi$, and every nonzero element has inverse $(a-bi)/(a^2+b^2)$
- The reals form a totally ordered field
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
27 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Peter Webb, A Course in Finite Group Representation Theory, Example 4.2.2 and Example 9.2.2 (standard reference, not scraped)