Alphabeta Math
False statementConstruction: Literature-sourcedVerification: AI-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-09-05
How statement and proof provenance work

The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.

  • Literature-sourced: the exact statement appears in a cited source; only wording and notation differ.
  • AI-adapted: a semantically identical restatement of literature-sourced material, modulo indexing, notation, and boundary cases adopted by the library.
  • AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.

These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.

FALSE: every function of bounded variation is absolutely continuous

Statement

Every function of bounded variation on a compact interval is absolutely continuous.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The statement above.

[A1]

We refute it with the Cantor function.

Refutation

technique · direct
1.1givenalgebra

The Cantor function c is nondecreasing by The Cantor function is well defined, satisfies c(x)≤c(y) whenever x≤y, is surjective onto [0,1], and is constant on every interval removed from the Cantor set, so for every partition 0=x0<⋯<xm=1 the variation sum telescopes to ∑j=1m∣c(xj)−c(xj−1)∣=∑j=1m(c(xj)−c(xj−1))=c(1)−c(0)=1. Hence c has bounded variation.

2.1step 1.1algebra∎

Iterating the two affine branches in The Cantor middle-thirds set as the intersection of the sets Cn obtained by removing open middle thirds, the stage-n set consists of 2n pairwise disjoint closed intervals indexed by the n-digit words in {0,2}n, each of length 3−n. Their total length is therefore (2/3)n, which tends to 0 by For ∣r∣<1 the sequence rk is null, and for ∣r∣>1 the sequence ∣r∣k diverges to +∞. For the interval indexed by a word w, its endpoints have ternary digits w followed respectively by all 0's and all 2's (The Cantor set is exactly the set of ∑k≥1ak3−k with every ak∈{0,2}, and this gives a bijection with {0,1}N). The identity c=γ on the Cantor set from claim 1 of The Cantor function is well defined, satisfies c(x)≤c(y) whenever x≤y, is surjective onto [0,1], and is constant on every interval removed from the Cantor set, together with the binary-digit formula in The Cantor function on [0,1], defined on the Cantor set through ternary digits and extended constantly across each removed interval, therefore gives endpoint increment ∑k≥n2−k−1=2−n. Thus the sum of the endpoint increments over the stage-n intervals is always 2n2−n=1. The total input length can be arbitrarily small while this increment sum stays 1, so c fails the defining ε-δ condition of Absolute continuity on a compact interval. Hence c is not absolutely continuous and the statement is false.

Depends on

Used by

Nothing in the library uses this result yet.

Dependency tree · two levels

59 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources