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Parallel transport depends only on the endpoints of a curve

Statement

For any connection, two piecewise smooth curves with the same starting and ending points have the same parallel transport.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The asserted endpoint independence.

[F1]

A smooth one-form in a global line frame defines a connection (Local connection forms glue exactly when they obey the transformation law).

[F2]

In a frame, parallel coefficients satisfy v+ω(γ˙)v=0 (Local frame formula for covariant differentiation along a curve).

[F3]

Concatenation composes transports and constant curves give the identity (Parallel transport under reparametrization reversal and concatenation).

Refutation

1.1

Take E=R2×R and ω=xdy in its unit frame. This is a smooth connection by [F1]. Traverse the unit square through (0,0),(1,0),(1,1),(0,1),(0,0), using each side's affine parameter t[0,1]. The four values of xy are respectively 0,1,0,0. Thus the four equations in [F2] are v=0,v=v,v=0,v=0, with solution multipliers 1,e1,1,1 respectively. The multiplier on the second side follows directly by differentiating v(t)=etv(0).

F1F2given
2.1

By [F3] the square's transport multiplies by e1, whereas the constant loop at (0,0) multiplies by 1. These differ on the unit vector of the endpoint fibre, since e1<1. The zero vector is fixed by both and is not a witness. Both paths are continuous finite piecewise smooth loops with exactly the same endpoints; corners cause no additional derivative condition. No curvature or homotopy theorem is used.

F3step 1.1

Depends on

Used by

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