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An infinite cap-center trajectory has recurrent common plaque-interior patches
Statement
Suppose the cap family has an infinite negative-transverse center trajectory q(s), synchronized parameters t(s)↓0, and the preceding fixed-neighborhood avoidance. Then after adjusting recurrence times there is one leaf B and one fixed plaque patch in B whose lifts lie in the interiors of all sufficiently late caps.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A cap family with an infinite negative-transverse center trajectory , synchronized parameters , and the fixed-neighbourhood avoidance of Simple lifted caps avoid the original essential loop and a fixed intrinsic neighbourhood.
The in-pair item Simple lifted caps avoid the original essential loop and a fixed intrinsic neighbourhood provides a fixed intrinsic neighbourhood of the original loop in its leaf that every late cap projection avoids; the in-pair item The canonical Jordan cap bundle develops coherently over every positive band supplies the coherent cap development with the lifted Jordan disks and their centered based coverpoints.
A Euclidean field has flow boxes with uniform nonzero transverse derivative bound on a compact box (C¹ Euclidean maximal flows, variational dependence and the finite C² upgrade), and a scalar equation with nonzero derivative has a unique local root, which makes the small-time adjustment below continuous and monotone (C² inverses and scalar return roots).
The standing assumption is Countable Choice as recorded for this pair (The countable-choice principle used in the foliation pair).
Proof
Compactness of the ambient manifold and countable choice give an accumulation point of the sequence as . Choose a small box around in which the transverse derivative of the fixed negative flow has a uniform nonzero bound. If , adjust each by a time tending to so that the adjusted point lies on the central plaque through : solve the strictly monotone transverse-coordinate equation by the intermediate value theorem [F2]. The infinite trajectory permits both small time directions once is large, and the adjusted points all lie in the same leaf by construction.
The accumulation point cannot lie on . Otherwise choose the box inside the intrinsic neighbourhood of the original leaf provided by the avoidance hypothesis; the same small-time adjustment places on its central original-leaf plaque inside , contradicting that is in the interior of a cap. Hence , and a fixed smaller box about has closure disjoint from .
Every late boundary avoids that smaller box by uniform convergence to , and each adjusted cap-centre is interior to its Jordan lifted disk by [F1]. In the lifted central plaque rectangle containing that centre, membership in the disk interior cannot change along a path without crossing the disk boundary; since the entire projected rectangle is boundary-free and connected, it lies inside the lifted disk. Shrinking to a fixed smaller rectangle around and taking sufficiently large gives one common intrinsic plaque patch in whose lifts lie in the interiors of all sufficiently late caps. The argument concerns actual central-plaque hits, rather than replacing ambient convergence by an assertion that the convergent points already share a leaf, and it uses one box, one rectangle and the cited flow and root facts, hence only the standing countable choice from [F3].
Depends on
- The countable-choice principle used in the foliation pair
- Simple lifted caps avoid the original essential loop and a fixed intrinsic neighbourhood
- The canonical Jordan cap bundle develops coherently over every positive band
- C² inverses and scalar return roots
- C¹ Euclidean maximal flows, variational dependence and the finite C² upgrade
Used by
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Sources
- S. P. Novikov, The Topology of Foliations (complete English translation) (standard reference, not scraped)