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LemmaStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6.1-sol)
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An LKB kernel braid fixes every standard adjacent edge up to isotopy

Statement

Assume AC. Fix the standard configuration: punctures p1<⋯<pn on the real axis of the disk D, boundary points d1,d2 in the lower half-plane, standard edges Ei=[pi,pi+1] for 1≤i≤n−1, and standard noodles Nj winding around pj and no other puncture, crossing the real axis twice. If a boundary-fixed homeomorphism σ of (D,P) represents an element of the kernel of ρLKB, then for every i the arc σ(Ei) is isotopic relative to ∂D∪P to Ei; in particular σ fixes each Ei up to isotopy and preserves the labelling of the punctures.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: the standard configuration, the standard edges E1,…,En−1 and standard noodles N1,…,Nn, each Nj winding around pj and no other puncture; a homeomorphism σ fixing ∂D pointwise with σ(P)=P and representing a class in ker⁡ρLKB.

[F1]

For the proof use auxiliary singleton crosscuts Mj with DISTINCT boundary endpoint pairs, not a pairwise-disjoint family of common-endpoint noodles. Join the lower boundary point −i to the real punctures by straight tethers; their interiors are disjoint and each meets the real axis only at its terminal puncture. In a small boundary half-disk fan out their initial germs to disjoint boundary intervals, in their cyclic order. Thin closed polygonal/circular neighborhoods Vj of the resulting disjoint tethers are disks meeting ∂D in disjoint intervals, containing exactly pj. Choose the widths below the finitely many positive separations from the other tethers, punctures and nonincident Ei. Their inner boundaries Mj are pairwise disjoint proper crosscuts; Ei misses Mj and Vj for j∉{i,i+1}. This is finite standard geometry. Bigelow's Figure 3 supplies individual singleton noodles, not the impossible common-endpoint disjointness assertion formerly used here.

[F2]

(Basic Lemma; Bigelow 2001, Lemma 2.3.) A kernel braid preserves ⟨N,F⟩ for every noodle and fork. Use the exact closed-first-argument identity of The fork-noodle pairing is well defined and equivariant: choose the closing neighborhoods for cF disjoint from both N and σ−1N, whose compact images avoid the punctures. Then σcF is a closed replacement for the image fork, with its closing parts disjoint from N. Since the kernel acts as identity on absolute H2, ΔF⟨N,σ(F)⟩=⟨σcF,yN⟩=⟨cF,yN⟩=ΔF⟨N,F⟩. Cancel ΔF=(1−q)2(1+qt)≠0 in the Laurent domain. No kernel action on the end-relative noodle class is presumed.

[F3]

Fork detection transports to arbitrary boundary crosscuts detects disjoinability of the tine from Mj by the exact absolute/end-stable pairing ⟨cF,yMj⟩. A kernel element fixes [cF], so also fixes this scalar pairing, for every Mj; this uses no kernel action on the second class. Closing neighborhoods can be chosen to miss Mj and σ−1Mj, as in [F2].

[F4]

Minimal-position representatives and the arc bigon criterion, proof 2.1–4.1, gives simultaneous disjoining from a finite DISJOINT family of proper crosscuts when each is individually disjoinable. Its clean bigon moves are ambient and fix P∪∂D. Under AC, Jordan–Schönflies extension for plane curves also supplies the finite relative graph/face construction for a disk and an embedded arc; this extends a prescribed arc map while fixing the outer boundary and the marked endpoint vertices. The construction is the relative graph/face construction in the minimal-position supplier and its declared general-arc prerequisite.

[F5]

For n=2 one has B2=⟨σ1⟩≅Z by the Artin presentation, and H2(C~;Z) is free of rank one by The integral LKB module is free of rank n choose two; the standard generator acts on it by the unit ±tq2 (Bigelow 2001, Theorem 4.1, case i=j=k−1 in the source's parameter). Hence ρLKB(σ1m)=(±tq2)mid⁡, which is the identity only for m=0, because ±tmq2m=1 in Λ forces m=0.

Proof

1.1F1F2F3F4F5givenconstruct

For n=2, [F5] forces a kernel braid to be the identity class, proving both edge fixing and label preservation. For n=1, the braid group is trivial and there are no edges. Hence assume n≥3. Fix i and a standard fork with tine Ei. For each j∉{i,i+1}, choose its closing neighborhoods small enough to miss Mj; its compact replacement pairs to zero with yMj because the tine is disjoint and the closing pieces also miss the crosscut. The kernel fixes that absolute class. The image replacement therefore still pairs to zero; [F3] makes σ(Ei) individually disjoinable from each Mj. By [F4] isotope this one arc simultaneously off all those crosscuts. No previously arranged edge is invoked or trimmed.

1.2F1step 1.1construct

Each Mj separates a disk Vj containing only pj from all other punctures. A connected arc disjoint from it whose two distinct ends are punctures cannot have an end pj: otherwise the entire arc would lie in that component and there would be no possible second puncture end. Consequently {σ(pi),σ(pi+1)}={pi,pi+1}. The disjoined arc lies in the remaining closed disk Ri obtained by removing the interiors of the caps Vj for j∉{i,i+1}, with their crosscut boundaries retained. This disk has exactly two marked interior points pi,pi+1 and also contains Ei.

2.1F4F5step 1.2construct

In a disk with exactly two marked interior points, every simple arc joining them is isotopic, as an unoriented image, to any other. Here is the relative construction rather than a simply-connectedness assertion about the punctured disk. Extend each such arc by two access arcs to distinct boundary points, yielding a crosscut and an outer-circle graph. Prescribe the target graph map to the corresponding graph for the original arc, fixing the outer boundary and taking the two ordered marked vertices to themselves; relative Schoenflies on the Jordan faces extends it to an orientation-preserving marked disk homeomorphism h. The two-point mapping-class theorem identifies [h] with a power of its standard half twist, because B2≅Z. That half twist has a representative supported around the target arc and preserves its image. Thus an isotopy from h to that representative applied to the target arc takes the original image to the target image, with both marked points fixed during the isotopy whenever h fixes them: its power is then even. Extend the isotopy of Ri by identity over the removed caps, since it fixes ∂Ri. This proves σ(Ei)≃Ei relative to all of P∪∂D.

3.1step 1.2step 2.1construct∎

Repeat the independent argument for every i, obtaining both its edge image class and its unordered endpoint pair. The pairs for i=1,2 intersect in the singleton p2, so their preserved images force σ(p2)=p2 and then σ(p1)=p1, σ(p3)=p3. Each subsequent pair forces the next puncture fixed. Thus every label is preserved. Once this is known, the edge isotopies in step 2.1 may also be parametrized from pi to pi+1: any final increasing interval reparametrization f is corrected by (1−s)f+sid⁡. The lemma claims the individual edge classes; simultaneous pointwise spine fixing is proved by its separate boundary-twist consumer.

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