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Compatible arbitrary pi fence reduction

Statement

From a nonzero Π^j class represented by a generic finite-crossing loop, at every sufficiently small upper height one obtains after at most N subword cuts an essential lower loop with a coherent genuinely closed/null right family whose lifts are simple at EVERY positive parameter.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A nonzero limitwise-nullhomotopy (Πj) class of a leaf L represented by a generic finite-crossing loop on a chosen transverse side, with a coherent closed/null family over (0,b] represented by its full cyclic word w0 and an essential initial loop at parameter a0=0.

[F1]

The sibling-pair items lem-a-leafwise-loop-has-a-finite-transverse-double-point-representative and lem-fixed-transverse-fences-have-a-finite-crossing-word represent the class by a generic finite-crossing loop with a fixed finite word of eligible crossing pairs; actual collisions at a height may be a subset, and cuts are retained only on their common closed/null interval; the sibling-pair item lem-finite-chart-surface-normal-forms-supply-jordan-disks-and-torsion-free-groups supplies the finite cellulation used for the finite generator and overlap system. Their exact uses are flagged in steps 1.1 and 5.1 below.

[F2]

The limitwise-nullhomotopic classes form a well-defined normal subgroup Πj of the based fundamental group. A nonzero class here means a nonidentity element of that subgroup, hence an essential loop in the ambient leaf fundamental group; it does not mean a nonzero class in the quotient by Πj (Limitwise-nullhomotopy predicate descends to a normal subgroup).

[F3]

The universal cover of a leaf is simply connected, so a closed lifted loop in it bounds a nullhomotopy and the projection of a closed subpath of a closed lifted loop is null-homotopic in the base leaf (Universal covering spaces).

[F4]

The in-pair item A closed null fence word has an essential lower endpoint states that the maximal downward common interval of two closed/null cut words has closed endpoints and at least one essential factor unless their product initial loop is null; its exact use is flagged in step 3.1.

[F5]

The standing assumption is Countable Choice ACω as recorded for this pair (The countable-choice principle used in the foliation pair).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1F1givenchoose

Start with the essential initial loop at a0=0 and the closed/null family on (0,b] represented by the full cyclic word w0 of [F1]. If every positive level of the family has a simple lift to the universal cover of its leaf, terminate. Otherwise choose one positive parameter r≤b at which the lift has a self-intersection; its actual lifted double point is one eligible marked pair. It splits the source word into two parameterized subpaths ct,dt, which are loops only at heights where the corresponding endpoints coincide; their genuine closed/null interval is selected in the next steps.

2.1F3step 1.1

At r both cr and dr are closed and null: each is the projection of a closed subpath of the closed lifted loop, and the universal cover is simply connected by [F3]. By finite compact-cap persistence in foliation boxes both remain closed and null on a neighbourhood of r, so the set of parameters near r on which both are closed and null is a nonempty interval ending at r.

3.1F2F4step 2.1

Let (a,r] be the maximal common downward interval on which both c and d are closed and null relative to the current fence interval [a0,r]. At a both loops are closed by continuity. If a>a0 and both were null at a, finite compact-cap persistence for both would extend the interval below a, contradicting maximality; if a=a0 and both were null, then their product would make the current initial essential loop null, contradicting [F2] and the essentiality of the initial representative. Hence at least one factor is essential at a by [F4]. Choose such a factor, retain only the family on [a,r], and rebase and rescale it.

4.1F1step 3.1construct

The new initial leaf need not be the old one, but the family stays on the same chosen transverse side and every positive displacement is genuinely closed and null; the rank of its cyclic word is strictly smaller by the finite-double-point representative of [F1]. Repeat the operation only when an actual positive-level lift is nonsimple; there are at most N such operations, and at termination every positive lift is simple, because otherwise another rank-decreasing operation would be possible. Since the initial parameter belongs to the half-open interval, choosing b arbitrarily small makes the reduced essential initial leaf arbitrarily close to L; no cut is projected below its common closed/null interval and no closedness of nullness is assumed.

5.1F1F2F5step 4.1∎

At termination round the finitely many switched corners jointly before making regular cap charts: choose small target plaque boxes at the switch vertices, disjoint from every other retained zero-level arc except the two adjacent half-arcs, replace each corner by a C2 regular joining arc, and transport the replacement by the prescribed transverse plaque label. The replacement is homotopic relative its two port collars and preserves nullness and essentiality; it creates no lifted collision because it is embedded in its small plaque box where no other retained arc lies; and it can be normalized back to one fixed fence by unique transverse roots and finite homotopy invariance of Π, so all sufficiently small positive lifted boundaries remain simple and the boundary circles are genuinely C2 rather than tacitly rounded corners. All operations are finite, hence only the standing countable choice from [F5] is used.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources