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Generic cyclotomic Schur deformation standards have nondegenerate forms

Statement

Over the fraction field of the universal Laurent parameter ring, all cyclotomic Specht modules are simple and Hn is split semisimple; all Schur standards Δλ equal Lλ and have nondegenerate cellular forms. Moreover, fix N≥1, a field F with nonzero qH,Q1,…,Qℓ, and 0≤d≤N, and take O=F[t,t−1](t−1) with z=qHt, Ua=QatNa. Over F(t), all rank-d Specht and Schur standards are simple and their forms are nondegenerate. This includes the charged finite-e specialization used by the Lyle–Mathas deformation. The lemma establishes generic nondegeneracy only; it does not prove any signed-rim-hook weight-Gram determinant valuation formula.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The cyclotomic algebra and its Specht modules [F1], the cellular Murphy basis [F2], the Jucys–Murphy content triangularity [F3], the finite cellular-head theory [F4], the semistandard Schur endomorphism basis [F5], and the Schur standard/Specht correspondence [F6].

[F1]

Hn, its multipartition Specht (cell) modules Sλ with cell form and quotient Dλ=Sλ/rad Sλ, and the Schur datum Cn with standards Δλ and heads Lλ=Δλ/rad Δλ (Arbitrary-level cyclotomic Hecke, Murphy cell and multipartition Schur modules).

[F2]

The mst are an R-basis of Hn with the dominance-cellular multiplication law, so Hn has a finite filtration whose successive right-module layers are copies of the right cell modules (The arbitrary-level cyclotomic Hecke Murphy basis is cellular).

[F3]

On Sλ the elements Xr act dominance-triangularly with diagonal Uazj−i at the node (i,j,a) carrying r, and the universal triangularity specializes to the generic fibre, so Sλ has a simultaneous triangular filtration whose successive characters are its own word characters (Arbitrary-level Murphy Jucys–Murphy action is content triangular).

[F4]

Over a field, every nonzero cellular head quotient Dλ is absolutely simple, the distinct nonzero Dλ exhaust the simple modules, and [Sλ:Dλ]=1 with [Sλ:Dμ]≠0 only for λ⊵μ (Nonzero-form cellular heads, cell purity and shared-factor linkage).

[F5]

The semistandard sums give the actual cellular endomorphism basis of Cn, with standards Δλ and their cellular bilinear forms defined over the universal ring; this supplier asserts no nondegenerate-or-zero dichotomy (Cyclotomic semistandard sums give the actual Schur endomorphism basis).

[F6]

The corner functor gives Δλeω≅Sλ and Lλeω≅Dλ (possibly 0), with [Δλ:Lμ]=[Sλ:Dμ] whenever Dμ≠0, and every Δλ is nonzero and block-pure (Cyclotomic Schur standards and corner functor control block linkage).

Proof

technique · direct

Given: The data and suppliers of [F1]–[F6]; let K be the fraction field of the universal Laurent parameter ring.

1.1F1F3algebra

Word separation over the universal fraction field. Assign to each standard multitableau the sequence of joint Jucys–Murphy words: the diagonal values Uazj−i at the nodes carrying the labels 1,…,n ([F3]). If two standard multitableaux first differ at step r, then their restrictions to the boxes 1,…,r−1 coincide, and the two added nodes are two different addable nodes of that common prefix shape. If the two nodes lie in one physical component, their contents j−i are different (two addable nodes of a partition have different contents), and z is transcendental over the base field, so zj−i≠zj′−i′. If they lie in different components a≠b, the values Uazj−i and Ubzj′−i′ are distinct in K, because z,U1,…,Uℓ are algebraically independent monomials and the components differ. Hence the joint word determines the tableau, different standard multitableaux -- even of different shapes -- have different joint words, and distinct shapes have disjoint sets of word characters.

2.1F2F3F4step 1.1algebra

Generic simplicity and split semisimplicity. By [F3] each Sλ has a simultaneous triangular filtration whose successive characters are its own words of step 1.1. Hence every composition factor Dμ of the nonzero module Sλ has a word occurring in Sμ and a word occurring in Sλ; disjointness of shape word sets forces μ=λ. In particular Dλ≠0, and the cellular diagonal multiplicity [Sλ:Dλ]=1 of [F4] forces Sλ=Dλ to be simple, with the distinct absolutely simple modules Sλ as the only composition factors. The cellular basis gives dim⁡KHK=∑λ(dim⁡KSλ)2. The semisimple quotient is a product of full matrix algebras on the exhaustive absolutely simple Sλ: to see this, the rank-one cell action on each simple gives every matrix unit, and the distinct simple labels give the distinct simple factors. Its dimension is the same sum, so the radical has dimension zero. Thus HK is split semisimple; no splitting of the cellular filtration was assumed.

3.1F1F3step 1.1algebra

Word separation for the Lyle–Mathas deformation. Fix N≥1, nonzero qH,Qa in F, and set z=qHt, Ua=QatNa in F(t). For two standard multitableaux that first differ at a step r≤N, the common prefix of size r−1 has components of sizes summing to r−1; the two added nodes lie in components a,b and each added content c=j−i is bounded in absolute value by the size of its own component, so ∣c−c′∣<r≤N. A collision Uazc=Ubzc′ with a≠b would force the equality Na+c=Nb+c′ of t-adic exponents, i.e. the nonzero multiple N(a−b) of N would equal c′−c with ∣c′−c∣<N, impossible. If a=b, then z is transcendental over F, so zc=zc′ forces c=c′. Thus the joint words separate all rank-d standards in F(t) as in step 1.1, and the argument of step 2.1 proves that the rank-d Specht modules are simple and the corresponding Hecke algebra is split semisimple over F(t), with no affine-center or block-classification input.

4.1F5F6step 2.1step 3.1algebra∎

Nondegenerate Schur standards. By [F6], over any field with unit parameters, [Δλ:Lμ]=[Sλ:Dμ] whenever Dμ≠0, and every Δλ is nonzero. Over K, step 2.1 makes every Sλ simple; hence Dμ=0 never occurs, [Δλ:Lλ]=[Sλ:Sλ]=1, and since all Lμ are distinct the multiplicity list forces Δλ=Lλ to be simple; the diagonal cell-form entry of the standard of shape and type λ is 1, so the cellular form is nonzero and, being invariant on a simple module, is nondegenerate. The same argument applies over F(t) to the rank-d standards using step 3.1, and the construction of [F5] and the multiplicities of [F6] are identities over the respective ground fields, so the charged finite-e specializations used by the Lyle–Mathas deformation are included. No valuation of a weight-Gram determinant is computed.

Remarks

The lemma is exactly the generic-nondegeneracy input of the Jantzen theory: it upgrades the cellular form theory to simplicity of all standards over the two generic regimes, so that the Jantzen filtrations begin from nondegenerate forms. The signed rim-hook weight-Gram determinant valuations are a separate theorem with its own suppliers. No choice principle is used: all tableaux, words, and composition series are finite.

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