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Properness and a relative ample line bundle give projectivity
Statement
Assume AC and DC. If is proper of finite type, is Noetherian, and is an invertible sheaf relatively ample for , then admits a closed immersion into for some coherent on . This is projectivity in the coherent-projective-bundle sense. If has a finite list of global sections giving a closed immersion into , the stronger H-projectivity conclusion holds. The first conclusion alone does not assert such a finite list.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The hypotheses in the statement and AC and DC, inherited from the scheme, cohomology, and finite-module suppliers (The Axiom of Choice, The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an -indexed chain).
Proper direct images of coherent sheaves over a Noetherian base are coherent (Coherent higher direct images under proper morphisms). On a Noetherian proper scheme over an affine base, sufficiently high powers of an ample invertible sheaf define closed projective-space embeddings (High powers of an ample line bundle embed a proper scheme). Relative Proj commutes with base change (Relative Proj commutes with arbitrary base change).
Proof
Cover by finitely many affine opens. Relative ampleness says is ample over each such affine base. By [F1], choose powers giving closed projective-space embeddings on each open; take a common positive multiple of the finitely many exponents and use the Veronese monomials of the corresponding generating sections to obtain one power that gives a closed immersion on every open. Set , coherent by [F1]. The evaluation is onto on this cover, since its local sections include every member of these generating systems. It therefore defines .
This map is a closed immersion. Locally choose one of the generating sections nonzero. The projective chart for has coordinate algebra generated by all ratios with a local section of . Already the finite ratios coming from the selected local projective embedding generate the coordinate algebra of as a quotient; adding the other ratios preserves surjectivity onto that algebra. Thus on these charts the map is a closed immersion. They cover . The image is closed in the whole projective bundle because is proper and the projective bundle is separated over ; the graph is closed and its projection is a base change of the proper map. Hence the chart immersions give a global closed immersion. The last assertion is exactly the displayed extra global-section hypothesis.
Depends on
- Coherent higher direct images under proper morphisms
- High powers of an ample line bundle embed a proper scheme
- Relative Proj commutes with arbitrary base change
- The axiom of dependent choice: a relation in which every element is related to something admits an $\mathbb{N}$-indexed chain
- The Axiom of Choice
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
85 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Nitin Nitsure, Construction of Hilbert and Quot Schemes, Sections 2–5 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Alexander Grothendieck, Les schémas de Hilbert, Bourbaki 221, Sections 2–3 (standard reference, not scraped)