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Rigidity for a proper geometrically integral factor
Statement
Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let be a proper geometrically integral -scheme of finite type, with . Let be a connected finite-type -scheme and a separated finite-type -scheme. If a -morphism is constant on for some , then
Facts & Assumptions
A proper geometrically integral scheme has global functions equal to the base field, under AC. This applies after every field extension. (Global functions on proper integral schemes form a finite extension of the base field)
Global sections of a quasi-compact separated -scheme commute with scalar extension to any -algebra. Morphisms into affine schemes correspond to ring maps on global sections. (Global sections commute with extension of scalars over a field, Morphisms to an affine scheme and global sections)
A proper map is closed after base change; a flat map locally of finite presentation is open after base change. The projection has both properties: properness is stable under base change, and a finite-type scheme over a field is flat and of finite presentation. (Proper morphisms are closed, Flat finite-presentation morphisms are open)
The diagonal of a separated scheme is closed. (Separated morphism of schemes)
Proof
Given: as in the statement, and AC.
Let be the closed equalizer of and , obtained by pulling back the diagonal of . Write and . By [F3], is open, so is closed. A point belongs to exactly when the whole topological fibre of over lies in . That fibre is geometrically integral and thus reduced, so the two morphisms agree on it scheme theoretically: the ideal of the equalizer vanishes at every point and is zero on a reduced scheme. In particular .
Fix . Its fibre has image the single point . Choose an affine open containing that point. The closed subset has closed image under the proper projection . Its image omits , so an affine open neighbourhood of avoids that image. Consequently . By [F1] and [F2], . The map to the affine therefore factors through , and evaluating at identifies the factor as . Thus , proving that is open.
Since is connected and is nonempty, open, and closed, . The factorization in step 2.1 holds on an open neighbourhood of every point, hence glues to the asserted equality of morphisms on all of . AC is carried from the proper global-functions and morphism suppliers; no stronger field or projectivity assumption is used.
Depends on
- The Axiom of Choice
- Global functions on proper integral schemes form a finite extension of the base field
- Global sections commute with extension of scalars over a field
- Proper morphisms are closed
- Flat finite-presentation morphisms are open
- Separated morphism of schemes
- Morphisms to an affine scheme and global sections
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
54 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Milne, Abelian Varieties (2008), Chapter I, rigidity lemma (standard reference, not scraped)
- Brion, Some structure theorems for algebraic groups, Lemma 3.3.3 (standard reference, not scraped)