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Hecke relations specialize in the generalized-standard family

Statement

For every n≥0 the localized generalized standard family Gn,c is a finite-rank trivial vector bundle with flat connection whose matrices depend polynomially on the parameter c. Its KZ monodromy matrices depend holomorphically on c, and for every finite complex reflection group and every parameter the exact defining meridian polynomials of Hq(c)(W) annihilate KZ⁡(Gn,c). Therefore these polynomials annihilate KZ⁡(M) for every M∈Oc. This includes all resonant parameters and makes no claim that resonant meridian monodromy is diagonalizable.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A finite complex reflection group W on h and an arbitrary conjugacy-invariant parameter c, with the current minus-sign Cherednik normalization.

[F1]

PBW and localized Dunkl derivations give the fixed generalized-standard vector space and connection ∂y=y+∑scsαs(y)αs−1(1−s); KZ is exact and the meridian roots and endpoint action are fixed (The PBW theorem for rational Cherednik algebras, Dunkl localization gives flat connections on the regular locus, The KZ monodromy functor and the reflection Hecke algebra).

[F2]

For fixed c, a uniform Euler bound gives a projective generator inside a sufficiently large generalized standard, and standard extensions can be nontrivial only across positive integral Euler differences (Cherednik category O has a standard-filtered projective generator).

Proof

1.1F1F2algebra

Write X=S(h∗), Y=S(h), and B=Y⋊CW. Let Cm be the parameter space of conjugacy-invariant c, and fix n. Use the same finite vector space Un=CW⊗(Y/Y>n) at every parameter. PBW identifies Gn,c=H1,c⊗BUn with X⊗Un, with all commutation matrices polynomial in c. This holds over C[c] as well: the overlap and Jacobi proof of PBW consists of polynomial identities and uses no division; alternatively a polynomial relation among normal words vanishing in the universal quotient specializes at each c, where pointwise PBW forces every coefficient to vanish. Hence the normal words are independent over C[c]. The family is therefore free over the parameter ring and finite free over X[c].

2.1F1F2step 1.1algebra

Let Yy be multiplication by y on Un, and let s act diagonally on it. The localized derivation from [F1] is ∂y=y+∑scsαs(y)αs−1(1−s). Its action on a constant generator 1⊗u has matrix Γy(c,z)=Yy+∑scsαs(y)αs(z)−1(1−s∣Un); on nonconstant sections the ordinary derivative of the coefficient is added. These are finite matrices rational in z and polynomial in c, without poles on fixed paths in hreg. Flatness is the localized Cherednik relation. On a normal disk to a generic point of a reflecting hyperplane H, the residue is RH(c)=∑s fixes Hcs(1−s∣Un), diagonal in the fixed cyclic WH-decomposition; the term Yy is holomorphic. The horizontal equation has residue A0(c)=−RH(c) in the stated convention.

3.1F1F2step 2.1algebra

We prove an actual nonresonant gauge normal form. For zU′=A(z)U with A(z)=∑j≥0Ajzj holomorphic, assume A0 is diagonalizable and no difference of two of its eigenvalues is a nonzero integer. A normalized gauge G(z)=I+∑r≥1Grzr solving zG′=A(z)G−GA0 must satisfy (rI−ad⁡A0)Gr=∑j=1rAjGr−j. Each operator is invertible. Its inverse norm is at most C/r: for r>2∥ad⁡A0∥, the Neumann series gives 2/r, and increasing C handles the finitely many remaining indices. If ∥Aj∥≤MR−j, the recursion gives ∥Gr∥≤(CM/r)∑j=1rR−j∥Gr−j∥. The scalar majorant with g0≥∥I∥ solves g′(z)=CM(R−z)−1g(z), so g(z)=g0(1−z/R)−CM has positive Taylor coefficients dominating the matrix series. Thus G converges and is invertible near zero. It gauges the equation to zV′=A0V, proving analytic conjugacy rather than merely equality of characteristic polynomials.

4.1F1F2step 3.1algebra

The fractional-meridian endpoint is respected by this gauge. Choose the normal disk at a generic point fixed by WH. Its cyclic action rotates the coordinate; the endpoint acts on the fiber by the fixed matrix g=sH, which commutes with A0. Equivariance of the connection transforms the normalized gauge to another solution of the same equation with constant term I. Uniqueness of the recursion in step 3.1 forces the equivariance identity for G. Hence endpoint-adjusted transport through angle ϑ=2π/eH is genuinely conjugate to gexp⁡(iϑA0). On the jth cyclic eigenspace this is the defined scalar μH,j. The commuting matrices g,A0 are simultaneously diagonal on that decomposition, so ∏j(TH−μH,j) annihilates this nonresonant monodromy, even if two resulting roots coincide. Parallel transport along a basepoint path conjugates the operator and preserves this relation. No diagonalizability assertion is made at resonant parameters.

5.1F1F2step 4.1algebrastep 3.1

Exclude the countable collection of conditions aE(c)−aF(c)∈Z>0 and the nonzero integral differences of normal residue eigenvalues at all hyperplanes. Every relevant difference is linear in c and is zero at c=0, so each nonzero-integer condition is a proper affine hyperplane or empty. Their complement is dense in every parameter neighborhood: choose a line with direction avoiding the finitely many nonzero linear forms; each excluded condition removes at most one point from that line. The zero-dimensional parameter space or the absence of such forms gives no excluded condition. Steps 3.1–4.1 therefore apply on a dense set. For clarity, category Oc is also semisimple there: a proper submodule of a standard with irreducible label has a singular simple label F at degree d>0, forcing aF−aE=d, which is excluded. Such standards are therefore simple. The standard-extension criterion in [F2] makes Ext1 between these standards vanish, and the finite-length result then splits every object into irreducible standards. A standard induced from a reducible finite-dimensional W-module is the direct sum of the standards for its irreducible constituents. The generic relation for Gn,c follows already from step 4.1 applied directly to Un; this argument does not require the special-parameter standard-factorization assertion.

6.1F1F2step 5.1algebra

The monodromy matrices of this fixed family are holomorphic at every parameter. Choose fixed piecewise smooth compact paths in hreg for the based meridians. Their horizontal ODE coefficients are continuous on each segment and holomorphic in c. Picard iteration is a normally convergent sum of iterated integrals on every compact parameter set: its rth term has norm at most Lr/r!, where L bounds the integral of the coefficient norm there. Each term is holomorphic, so the sum is holomorphic in c; reversed paths give holomorphic inverses, and the endpoint matrix is constant. Each root μH,j(c) is an exponential of a linear function and is entire. Thus the matrix QH(c)=∏j(TH(c)−μH,j(c)I) is holomorphic everywhere. It vanishes on the dense set from step 5.1, so continuity gives QH(c)=0 for all c. This is an exact polynomial identity on every KZ⁡(Gn,c); it does not infer a relation on an extension merely from its subquotients.

7.1F1F2step 6.1algebra∎

For fixed c, choose n by the uniform Euler bound in [F2]. The projective generator is a direct summand of Gn,c, and every object M is therefore a quotient of a finite sum of these generalized standards. Exact KZ sends that surjection to a surjection of braid representations. The relation proved in step 6.1 passes to finite sums and quotients, so all the defining Hecke polynomials annihilate KZ⁡(M). This proves arbitrary-object factorization for every finite complex reflection group and every c. Taking M=Δ(E) also proves standard factorization, with no inference of diagonalizability at a resonant parameter.

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