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Dunkl localization gives flat connections on the regular locus

Statement

Set P=C[h∗], choose one nonzero linear form αH for each reflecting hyperplane, and put δ=∏HαH and hreg={z∈h:δ(z)≠0}. The assignment x↦mx,w↦w,y↦Ty:=∂y−∑s∈Scsαs(y)αs(1−s) defines an injective homomorphism H1,c(W,h)→D(hreg)⋊W, and it induces an isomorphism after inverting δ. Here D(hreg) is the algebra generated by regular functions and algebraic vector fields, and the crossed product uses the given action of W.

For every M∈Oc(W,h), Mreg=P[δ−1]⊗PM is finite locally free over P[δ−1] with an integrable connection from the D(hreg) action. The connection is W-equivariant. Localization and then taking a fiber with parallel transport is exact on short exact sequences in Oc.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: H1,c(W,h), its PBW basis, the reflection data and parameter c, and M∈Oc(W,h).

[F1]

Reflection data and parameters for a rational Cherednik algebra: W preserves the finite reflecting arrangement; each αs defines its fixed hyperplane and x−sx=αs∨(x)αs.

[F2]

The PBW theorem for rational Cherednik algebras: ordered monomials xawyb form a basis; the associated graded for degree in y is (P⊗C[h])⋊W, with the diagonal W-action on both polynomial factors.

[F3]

Dunkl operators realize the polynomial standard module: the displayed Ty preserve P and satisfy the rational Cherednik relations, including [Ty,Tz]=0.

[F4]

Category O for a rational Cherednik algebra: M is finite over C[h∗].

[F5]

Finite modules with a connection on a complex polynomial open are vector bundles: every finite module with a connection on the complex polynomial principal open is locally free, without a category-O assumption.

Proof

technique · direct

Given: [F1]–[F5].

1.1F1F2F3algebra

By [F3], the assignments x↦mx, w↦w, and y↦Ty respect every defining relation, so they give an algebra homomorphism into D(hreg)⋊W. Filter H1,c by degree in h with h∗ and W in degree zero, and filter the target by differential order. The principal symbol of Ty is ∂y, so the associated-graded map is the localization (C[h∗]⊗C[h])⋊W⟶C[hreg×h∗]⋊W, with the diagonal W-action on both sides. It is injective: the crossed products are direct sums over W, and each polynomial coefficient embeds after localization by the nonzero δ. Therefore the original homomorphism is injective: a nonzero element with its finite filtration degree would have a nonzero leading symbol, contradicting injectivity of the associated-graded map.

2.1F1step 1.1algebra

After inverting δ, every αs is a unit by [F1]. Hence ∂y=Ty+∑scsαs(y)αs−1(1−s) belongs to the localized image for every y∈h. The localized image contains all regular functions, W, and all constant coordinate derivations, which generate D(hreg)⋊W. It is the whole target; injectivity is preserved by exact localization over P.

3.1F4step 2.1algebra

Localization is exact because it is localization over the commutative ring P. By [F4], Mreg is finite over P[δ−1]. Step 2.1 makes it a module over the differential operators on that ring. The coordinate derivations satisfy the Leibniz rule and commute, so they define an integrable connection. The crossed-product relations make this connection W-equivariant.

4.1F5step 3.1algebra

By step 3.1, the finite localized module has the required Leibniz operators over the polynomial principal open. [F5] proves local freeness at each complex point and its extension to an algebraic neighborhood, so this is a finite-rank algebraic vector bundle. Its connection is integrable and equivariant by step 3.1.

5.1step 3.1step 4.1algebra∎

Localization sends each short exact sequence in Oc to a short exact sequence of vector bundles with connection by step 3.1 and local freeness from step 4.1. A short exact sequence of vector bundles is locally split, so its fiber sequence is exact. Parallel transport commutes with morphisms of connections; hence the fiber monodromy representations form a short exact sequence.

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