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Smooth parametric primitives for a smooth exact family on a compact manifold
Statement
Assume . Let be compact, let be a finite-dimensional parameter manifold, and let , , depend smoothly on . If every is exact, then there are , jointly smooth in , with . After the one Riemannian metric allowed by the stated choice assumption is fixed, the remaining construction uses only finitely many choices.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The compact manifold, finite-dimensional parameter manifold, and smooth exact family in the statement.
Under the stated choice assumption, has a Riemannian metric and every point has arbitrarily small strongly geodesically convex neighbourhoods; nonempty finite intersections of such neighbourhoods remain strongly geodesically convex. Every smooth manifold admits a riemannian metric, Existence of geodesically convex neighborhoods.
A compact set inside an open subset of a manifold admits a smooth cutoff. A manifold bump for a compact set inside an open set.
The homotopy operator satisfies . De rham homotopy formula for a smooth homotopy.
Proof
Use [F1] to fix one Riemannian metric. The set of all strongly convex open neighbourhoods is an open cover, so compactness extracts a finite subcover . Every nonempty finite intersection is strongly convex by [F1]. There are only finitely many such intersections; choose one point in each and contract the intersection to it along the unique smoothly endpoint-dependent geodesics. By [F3], these contractions give fixed linear Poincaré homotopy operators . In local coordinates their coefficients are finite-interval integrals of coefficients of the pulled-back form and the fixed smooth contraction. Differentiation under that compact integral therefore shows directly that each preserves smooth dependence on the finite-dimensional parameter.
Use [F2] finitely many times to fix a partition of unity subordinate to . Start the Čech--de Rham descent with , so . The alternating differences are closed because . On each nonempty double intersection apply its fixed to obtain a primitive; subtracting it makes the next alternating discrepancy closed one degree lower. Repeat. After at most repetitions the remaining discrepancy is a Čech cocycle of locally constant functions on the finite good cover.
Regard the last cocycle as a vector in the finite-dimensional simplicial cochain complex of the nerve. Because is globally exact, comparison with any global primitive shows that this cocycle lies in the image of the preceding Čech coboundary. Fix a linear right inverse of that coboundary on its image by choosing bases once. Solve there, then reverse the finite descent. At the final gluing step the fixed partition gives a global -form with . Thus is one fixed linear operator on the space of exact -forms; no primitive of an individual input was selected.
Put . Restriction, the finitely many homotopy integrals, Čech differences, multiplication by fixed partition functions, and the fixed finite-dimensional linear solver all commute with differentiation in the finite-dimensional parameter. Hence is jointly smooth and . The empty manifold is immediate. The sole nonfinite choice input is the metric supplied under ; all subsequent selections are finite.
Depends on
Used by
- Moser stability theorem Theorem
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Ana Cannas da Silva, Lectures on Symplectic Geometry (standard reference, not scraped)