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The Bott partial connection is well defined and flat along leaves

Statement

Assume Countable Choice ACω. In the notation of The Bott partial connection on the normal bundle of a foliation, the Bott partial connection is well defined: π[X,s~] depends only on X∈Γ(E) and the section s∈Γ(ν), not on the representative s~, is C∞(M)-linear in X, and satisfies ∇XB(fs)=X(f)s+f∇XBs for f∈C∞(M). Its curvature vanishes along leaves: for all X,Y∈Γ(E) and s∈Γ(ν), RB(X,Y)s:=∇XB∇YBs−∇YB∇XBs−∇[X,Y]Bs=0.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Assume ACω. A codimension-q regular foliation F of a smooth manifold M with tangent distribution E=TF, leaf-tangent fields X,Y∈Γ(E), a normal-bundle section s∈Γ(ν), and two smooth local representatives s~,s~′ of s on a common bundle chart.

[F1]

For X∈Γ(E) and s∈Γ(ν) the Bott partial connection is ∇XBs=π[X,s~] with π:TM→ν the quotient map and s~ any smooth representative of s. (The Bott partial connection on the normal bundle of a foliation).

[F2]

An integrable distribution is involutive: the Lie bracket of two of its sections is again a section. (Integrable distributions are involutive).

[F3]

For smooth functions f and vector fields X,Y one has [fX,Y]=f[X,Y]−Y(f)X and [X,fY]=f[X,Y]+X(f)Y. (Leibniz rules for the Lie bracket with function multiples).

[F4]

Smooth vector fields on a manifold form a Lie algebra: the bracket is bilinear, alternating and satisfies the Jacobi identity. (Smooth vector fields form a Lie algebra under the Lie bracket).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1F1F2given

In any quotient-bundle frame a local lift of s is obtained by using the same smooth coefficient functions in lifted frame vectors. Two such local representatives of s differ by a section σ=s~′−s~∈Γ(E), and since E is integrable it is involutive by [F2], so [X,σ]∈Γ(E) and [X,s~′]=[X,s~]+[X,σ]; applying the quotient map π of [F1] kills [X,σ], so π[X,s~′]=π[X,s~] and ∇XBs is independent of the chosen local representative. Consequently these smooth local sections agree on overlaps and define a global section.

2.1F3step 1.1

For f∈C∞(M) the first Leibniz rule of [F3] gives [fX,s~]=f[X,s~]−(s~f)X, and the correction (s~f)X is a section of E, so projecting gives ∇fXBs=f∇XBs, that is, C∞(M)-linearity in the vector-field variable.

2.2F3step 1.1

The second Leibniz rule of [F3] gives [X,fs~]=f[X,s~]+X(f)s~ for the representative fs~ of fs, so projecting yields ∇XB(fs)=f∇XBs+X(f)s, the stated Leibniz rule.

3.1F4step 2.1step 2.2∎

For flatness, lift ∇YBs=π[Y,s~] locally by [Y,s~] and compute ∇XB∇YBs−∇YB∇XBs−∇[X,Y]Bs=π([X,[Y,s~]]−[Y,[X,s~]]−[[X,Y],s~]); the bracketed expression is the Jacobi identity of [F4] applied to X,Y,s~, hence vanishes, and well-definedness from step 1.1 makes the result independent of all lifts, so RB(X,Y)s=0 and the connection is flat along leaf directions; only the stated bracket and involutivity facts were used, with no additional choice principle.

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Cited to discharge well-definedness by The Bott partial connection on the normal bundle of a foliation.

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