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The dual representative has uniformly bounded BMO oscillation

Statement

Assume Countable Choice, fix the H1 kernel φ and auxiliary order N~ of Mean-zero L2 functions on a cube embed continuously into H1, let Λ∈(H1(Rn))∗ and let u be the representative of the preceding lemma. Then u∈BMO(Rn) and ∥u∥BMO≤Cn,N~,φ∥Λ∥, with the constant independent of Λ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Countable Choice, the fixed φ,N~, Λ∈(H1(Rn))∗, the locally integrable representative u and the local representatives uQ of Bounded H1 functionals have compatible local L2 representatives, and a nondegenerate cube Q.

[F1]

For every nondegenerate cube Q the representative uQ∈L02(Q) has mean 0 on Q, satisfies Λ(f)=∫QuQf for f∈L02(Q), and u−uQ is almost everywhere constant on Q (Bounded H1 functionals have compatible local L2 representatives).

[F2]

The restriction of Λ to L02(Q) obeys ∣Λ(f)∣≤Cn,N~,φ∣Q∣1/2∥Λ∥ ∥f∥L2 for f∈L02(Q): this is the mean-zero embedding ∥f∥H1≤Cn,N~,φ∣Q∣1/2∥f∥L2 composed with ∣Λ(f)∣≤∥Λ∥∥f∥H1 (Mean-zero L2 functions on a cube embed continuously into H1).

[F3]

Riesz representation is an isometry: the representing vector uQ of Λ∣L02(Q) has ∥uQ∥L2=∥Λ∣L02(Q)∥, the operator norm on the subspace (Riesz representation for Hilbert spaces).

[F4]

On the positive finite-measure cube Q, ∣Q∣−1∫Q∣uQ∣≤∣Q∣−1/2∥uQ∥L2 (Cauchy-Schwarz inequality for L2).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1F1

By [F1], u−uQ equals a constant c almost everywhere on Q, and uQ has mean 0 on Q; hence mean⁡Q(u)=c and u−mean⁡Q(u)=uQ almost everywhere on Q. Therefore the mean oscillation of u over Q is ∣Q∣−1∫Q∣uQ∣.

1.2F2F3

By [F2] and [F3], ∥uQ∥L2≤Cn,N~,φ∣Q∣1/2∥Λ∥.

2.1step 1.1step 1.2F4∎

Combining steps 1.1 and 1.2 with the Cauchy-Schwarz bound [F4] gives ∣Q∣−1∫Q∣u−mean⁡Q(u)∣=∣Q∣−1∫Q∣uQ∣≤∣Q∣−1/2∥uQ∥L2≤Cn,N~,φ∥Λ∥ for every nondegenerate cube Q. Taking the supremum over Q shows u∈BMO(Rn) with ∥u∥BMO≤Cn,N~,φ∥Λ∥.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

22 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources