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Bounded BMO functions dualise H1 boundedly
Statement
Assume Countable Choice, fix the kernel and admissible atomic order used in Atomic characterisation of real for . There is such that for every and every the integral converges absolutely and .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Countable Choice, the fixed , and .
The atomic characterisation gives and -atoms with in and with the partial sums converging to in the norm; the coefficients satisfy (Atomic characterisation of real for , sums of atoms converge in and in ).
Each atom is bounded, compactly supported and has ; the pairing with satisfies ( atoms with a prescribed moment order, BMO functions pair uniformly with H1 atoms).
Complex is complete, and on any measure space the pairing of an function with an function obeys (Complex Lp completeness and almost-everywhere subsequences, Holder's inequality for integrals, including the endpoint cases, The space as the quotient by null functions).
Proof
By [F1] fix a representation with . The partial sums are functions with by [F2]; they therefore form a Cauchy sequence in , and by completeness [F3] converge in to some with . For every test function one has by [F3] and the -convergence of the partial sums; hence is represented by the function , and converges absolutely with .
Since in and , [F3] gives ; and by [F2]. Passing to the limit gives .
Step 2.1 is the asserted bound with constant , and step 1.1 is the asserted absolute convergence. Countable Choice is inherited from the suppliers.
Depends on
- BMO functions pair uniformly with H1 atoms
- Atomic characterisation of real $H^p$ for $0<p\le1$
- $\ell^p$ sums of atoms converge in $\mathcal S'$ and in $H^p$
- $H^p$ atoms with a prescribed moment order
- The space $L^p(\mu)$ as the quotient by null functions
- Complex Lp completeness and almost-everywhere subsequences
- Holder's inequality for integrals, including the endpoint cases
Used by
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Sources
- Mark Williams, Notes on Harmonic Analysis (January 11, 2022) (standard reference, not scraped)