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Nearest-point projection is the tubular retraction after shrinking
Statement
Let be a closed embedded smooth submanifold. After shrinking the tubular neighbourhood from the Euclidean tubular neighbourhood theorem, the tubular retraction agrees with the unique nearest-point projection onto .
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A closed embedded smooth submanifold .
There is a tubular neighbourhood of in (The Euclidean tubular neighbourhood theorem).
The tubular chart yields a smooth retraction (A closed Euclidean submanifold has a smooth neighborhood retraction).
Proof
Write in the tubular coordinates from [L1]. Because is orthogonal to , the function has vanishing first derivative at . Its Hessian on the tangent directions equals the Euclidean metric plus terms that go to zero with . Therefore, after shrinking the radius if necessary, is a strict local minimizer on each normal fibre.
On each compact piece of , the radius can be shrunk once more so that this local minimizer is the only point of at the same or smaller distance from . Applying this on a locally finite cover yields a still smaller tubular neighbourhood on which every point has a unique nearest point in .
In the tubular coordinates, that unique nearest point is exactly the base point of the normal vector . But [L2] defines the tubular retraction by sending to . Hence the nearest-point projection and the tubular retraction agree on the shrunken tube.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
6 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- John M. Lee, Introduction to Smooth Manifolds, 2nd ed., Tubular Neighborhoods (standard reference, not scraped)