Alphabeta Math
PropositionStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-09-01
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Nearest-point projection is the tubular retraction after shrinking

Statement

Let SRm be a closed embedded smooth submanifold. After shrinking the tubular neighbourhood from the Euclidean tubular neighbourhood theorem, the tubular retraction agrees with the unique nearest-point projection onto S.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A closed embedded smooth submanifold SRm.

[L1]

There is a tubular neighbourhood E:ΩδU of S in Rm (The Euclidean tubular neighbourhood theorem).

[L2]

The tubular chart yields a smooth retraction r:US (A closed Euclidean submanifold has a smooth neighborhood retraction).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

Write x=E(p,v)=p+v in the tubular coordinates from [L1]. Because v is orthogonal to TpS, the function qxq2 has vanishing first derivative at q=p. Its Hessian on the tangent directions equals the Euclidean metric plus terms that go to zero with v. Therefore, after shrinking the radius if necessary, q=p is a strict local minimizer on each normal fibre.

L1givenalgebra
2.1

On each compact piece of S, the radius can be shrunk once more so that this local minimizer is the only point of S at the same or smaller distance from x. Applying this on a locally finite cover yields a still smaller tubular neighbourhood on which every point has a unique nearest point in S.

step 1.1choose
3.1

In the tubular coordinates, that unique nearest point is exactly the base point p of the normal vector v. But [L2] defines the tubular retraction by sending x=E(p,v) to p. Hence the nearest-point projection and the tubular retraction agree on the shrunken tube.

L2step 2.1

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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