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Right-invariant fields carry the opposite Lie bracket
Statement
Assume . For , let be their ordinary right-invariant smooth extensions, and let be the tangent bracket defined through left-invariant fields. Then
Thus evaluation identifies ordinary right-invariant fields with the opposite Lie algebra , not with the left-invariant bracket. The countable-choice assumption is used exactly through the supplied invariant-extension and tangent-bracket results.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: , a Lie group with inversion , and .
is countable choice. The Axiom of Countable Choice ().
Multiplication and inversion are smooth, and inversion is involutive. Lie group.
Left- and ordinary right-invariant fields use and . Left- and right-invariant vector fields.
Left and right invariant extensions exist uniquely and satisfy and . Left-invariant vector fields evaluate isomorphically at the identity.
The tangent bracket satisfies . Lie bracket on the tangent space of a Lie group.
Differentials obey the chain rule. The chain rule for differentials of smooth maps.
Tangent spaces of products split canonically as direct sums. Canonical tangent and cotangent splittings for products.
The differential is defined by pullback of germs, and is a linear map. The differential of a smooth map, The differential sends derivations to derivations and is linear.
Diffeomorphism pushforward preserves vector-field brackets. Diffeomorphism pushforward preserves Lie brackets.
The field bracket is the commutator . The Lie bracket of smooth vector fields.
Proof
Let be multiplication and let , . Under [F7], and . Since , the chain rule [F6] and linearity [F8] give .
The map is constant at . By [F8], its differential annihilates every tangent vector because derivations annihilate constant germs. Applying [F6] and step 1.1 gives . Hence .
For , the identity and [F6] give . By [F4], as varies this says .
Inversion is a diffeomorphism by [F2]. Apply [F9], step 3.1, and [F5]: The first equality uses the bilinearity visible directly in the commutator formula [F10].
A Lie group is nonempty. If , all fields and brackets vanish; in dimension one the tangent bracket vanishes by alternation, so the displayed identity again reads zero equals zero. No metric or nondegeneracy condition occurs, and the group is boundaryless by convention. The stated is inherited through [F3], [F4], and [F5]; the product differential, inversion, and bracket calculation are canonical and add no choice. The proposition is a one-way sign identity, not a biconditional.
Depends on
- The Axiom of Countable Choice ($\mathrm{AC}_\omega$)
- Lie group
- Lie bracket on the tangent space of a Lie group
- Left- and right-invariant vector fields
- Left-invariant vector fields evaluate isomorphically at the identity
- Diffeomorphism pushforward preserves Lie brackets
- The chain rule for differentials of smooth maps
- Canonical tangent and cotangent splittings for products
- The differential of a smooth map
- The differential sends derivations to derivations and is linear
- The Lie bracket of smooth vector fields
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
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Sources
- Anthony W. Knapp, Lie Groups Beyond an Introduction, 2nd ed. (standard reference, not scraped)
- Robert L. Bryant, An Introduction to Lie Groups and Symplectic Geometry (standard reference, not scraped)