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TheoremStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-09-09
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Positive smooth densities give Radon volume

Statement

If r is a finite-valued positive smooth density, μr is finite on compact sets, locally finite, sigma-finite, and a regular Borel measure, hence Radon. Its completion is denoted (M,B(M),μr) and is not identified with its Borel domain.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Assume ACω. Manifolds are Hausdorff, second countable and smooth, with boundary allowed; n=0 is allowed unless excluded. Densities are pointwise Borel, 0=0, and λ0(R0)=1. Positive finite smooth coefficients; local boundedness before regularity.

[F1]

Intrinsic density measure and its chart restriction: Every Borel subset of a chart has measure equal to the integral of its coefficient.

[F2]
[F3]

Locally finite Borel measures on second-countable LCH spaces are regular: A compact-finite Borel measure on a second-countable LCH space is regular.

[F4]

Radon measure on an LCH space: Radon means compact-finite, outer regular on Borel sets and compact-inner-regular on open sets.

[F5]

Assuming countable choice, every measure space has a unique complete extension to its completion: Under countable choice the completion is a complete measure extending the original measure.

[F6]

The completion domain and proposed completed set function of a measure space: A completed set differs from a Borel set only inside a Borel null set.

Proof

1.1

For each point p in positive dimension, a chart contains a relative closed ball or half-ball H around its coordinate image. Choose it bounded with closure inside the chart image. Its inverse image K is compact and contains a neighborhood W of p. The continuous coefficient on H is bounded by a finite C, so μr(W)μr(K)=HrxCλn(H)<. For n=0 take W=K={p}, whose measure is the finite coefficient r(p).

F1F2
2.1

The neighborhoods W cover any compact K0 finitely, giving μr(K0)j=1mμr(Wj)<. They also show local finiteness. To get a countable cover, take the members of a countable base that are contained in some such W; these cover M and individually have finite measure. Enumerating these basis members proves sigma-finiteness without selecting neighborhoods at every point.

step 1.1
3.1

The same compact chart neighborhoods show local compactness also at the boundary; Hausdorffness and second countability are standing assumptions. The compact-finite Borel measure therefore satisfies the regularity theorem. Its conclusion includes the outer and open-set inner regularity required by the stated Radon convention.

F3F4step 1.1step 2.1
4.1

Apply the completion theorem to (M,B(M),μr) under the standing countable choice. Explicitly, E=BN with B,Z Borel, NZ and μr(Z)=0 has μr(E)=μr(B). Empty M and empty compact sets have mass zero; a singleton in dimension zero has its finite positive weight. No total-mass bound is asserted.

F5F6step 3.1

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