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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedprecheck passjudge pass (deepseek-v4-pro + gpt-5.6-terra)audited 2026-08-21
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Assuming countable choice, every measure space has a unique complete extension to its completion

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Countable Choice. Let (X,A,μ) be a measure space, and let (X,A‾,μ‾) be its completion construction. Then μ‾ is a complete measure on A‾ extending μ. It is the unique complete measure on A‾ that extends μ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A measure space (X,A,μ) and the Axiom of Countable Choice.

[L1]

The completion domain is a sigma-algebra containing A (Assuming countable choice, the completion domain is a sigma-algebra).

[L2]

The value μ‾(E)=μ(A) is independent of the measurable core in a completed representation (The completed measure is independent of the representing measurable set).

[L3]

Countable unions of measurable null sets are null, and completeness makes all their subsets measurable and null (Null sets are closed under countable unions and, in a complete space, under arbitrary subsets).

[L4]

A measure vanishes at the empty set and is countably additive on disjoint measurable sequences (Measures on sigma-algebras).

[L5]

Countable choice selects witnesses from each nonempty natural-number-indexed family (The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω)).

[L6]

Every member of the completion domain has a representation E=A∪N with A measurable and N contained in a measurable null set, and the proposed completed value is μ(A) (The completion domain and proposed completed set function of a measure space).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1givenL1L2L4

By [L1] and [L2], μ‾ is a function on the sigma-algebra A‾, and μ‾(A)=μ(A) for A∈A by the representation A=A∪∅; in particular μ‾(∅)=0.

1.2givenL3L5L6choose

Let (Ek) be disjoint in A‾. By [L6] each family of completed representations is nonempty, so [L5] chooses Ek=Ak∪Nk with measurable Ak⊆Ek and Nk contained in a measurable null set Zk. Then the Ak are disjoint, ⋃kEk=(⋃kAk)∪N with N⊆⋃kZk, and ⋃kZk is null by [L3].

1.3givenL2L3L6

If E∈A‾ and μ‾(E)=0, choose a representation E=A∪N from [L6] with N⊆Z null. Then A∪Z is measurable and null, and every S⊆E is represented by the empty measurable core plus the sub-null set S⊆A∪Z.

1.4givenL2L3L4L6

Let λ be any complete measure on A‾ extending μ. For a representation E=A∪N from [L6], with N⊆Z and μ(Z)=0, one has λ(Z)=0 and completeness gives λ(N)=0. Replacing N by N∖A makes the union disjoint without changing E, so finite additivity gives λ(E)=λ(A)=μ(A)=μ‾(E).

2.1step 1.1step 1.2L2L4

Countable additivity of μ applied to the measurable cores in step 1.2 gives μ‾(⋃kEk)=μ(⋃kAk)=∑kμ(Ak)=∑kμ‾(Ek); with step 1.1, this proves that μ‾ is a measure.

2.2step 1.3L2L3

Step 1.3 shows that every subset of every μ‾-null set belongs to A‾ and has value 0, so the completed measure space is complete.

3.1step 2.1step 2.2step 1.4∎

Steps 2.1, 2.2 and 1.4 prove respectively that μ‾ is an extending measure, is complete, and is the unique complete extension on A‾.

Depends on

Used by

Cited to discharge well-definedness by The completion domain and proposed completed set function of a measure space.

Dependency tree · two levels

19 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources