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Assuming countable choice, every measure space has a unique complete extension to its completion

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Countable Choice. Let (X,A,μ) be a measure space, and let (X,A,μ) be its completion construction. Then μ is a complete measure on A extending μ. It is the unique complete measure on A that extends μ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A measure space (X,A,μ) and the Axiom of Countable Choice.

[L1]

The completion domain is a sigma-algebra containing A (Assuming countable choice, the completion domain is a sigma-algebra).

[L2]

The value μ(E)=μ(A) is independent of the measurable core in a completed representation (The completed measure is independent of the representing measurable set).

[L3]

Countable unions of measurable null sets are null, and completeness makes all their subsets measurable and null (Null sets are closed under countable unions and, in a complete space, under arbitrary subsets).

[L4]

A measure vanishes at the empty set and is countably additive on disjoint measurable sequences (Measures on sigma-algebras).

[L5]

Countable choice selects witnesses from each nonempty natural-number-indexed family (The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω)).

[L6]

Every member of the completion domain has a representation E=AN with A measurable and N contained in a measurable null set, and the proposed completed value is μ(A) (The completion domain and proposed completed set function of a measure space).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

By [L1] and [L2], μ is a function on the sigma-algebra A, and μ(A)=μ(A) for AA by the representation A=A; in particular μ()=0.

givenL1L2L4
1.2

Let (Ek) be disjoint in A. By [L6] each family of completed representations is nonempty, so [L5] chooses Ek=AkNk with measurable AkEk and Nk contained in a measurable null set Zk. Then the Ak are disjoint, kEk=(kAk)N with NkZk, and kZk is null by [L3].

givenL3L5L6choose
1.3

If EA and μ(E)=0, choose a representation E=AN from [L6] with NZ null. Then AZ is measurable and null, and every SE is represented by the empty measurable core plus the sub-null set SAZ.

givenL2L3L6
1.4

Let λ be any complete measure on A extending μ. For a representation E=AN from [L6], with NZ and μ(Z)=0, one has λ(Z)=0 and completeness gives λ(N)=0. Replacing N by NA makes the union disjoint without changing E, so finite additivity gives λ(E)=λ(A)=μ(A)=μ(E).

givenL2L3L4L6
2.1

Countable additivity of μ applied to the measurable cores in step 1.2 gives μ(kEk)=μ(kAk)=kμ(Ak)=kμ(Ek); with step 1.1, this proves that μ is a measure.

step 1.1step 1.2L2L4
2.2

Step 1.3 shows that every subset of every μ-null set belongs to A and has value 0, so the completed measure space is complete.

step 1.3L2L3
3.1

Steps 2.1, 2.2 and 1.4 prove respectively that μ is an extending measure, is complete, and is the unique complete extension on A.

step 2.1step 2.2step 1.4

Depends on

Used by

Cited to discharge well-definedness by The completion domain and proposed completed set function of a measure space.

Dependency tree · two levels

19 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.

Sources