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Enhanced A-polynomial Newton edges give strict boundary slopes
Statement
Assume full AC and let be a nontrivial knot. Every finite rational or infinite slope of an edge of the Newton polygon of the enhanced A-polynomial is a strict boundary slope of : it is realized by an incompressible, boundary-incompressible, orientable surface in the exterior which is not a fiber of any exterior fibration over .
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Full AC, the nontrivial smooth knot with its chosen compact exterior and peripheral marking, and the stated Newton edge.
Full AC is retained. The Axiom of Choice
The exterior is compact orientable and irreducible, with no proper compressing disk. Full AC supplies the countable choice needed by its smooth Schoenflies branch. Its tube is a smooth product by the normal-circle frame supplier, so the boundary is the marked smooth torus. It is connected: join two distinct exterior points by an embedded spherical arc, perturb it relative to its endpoints to be transverse to the knot, and use to conclude it misses the knot. Radial projection of nonzero tube fibers to their boundary fixes the exterior and retracts that arc to an exterior path; equal endpoints need the constant path. A smooth knot exterior is irreducible The boundary of a nontrivial knot exterior is incompressible The oriented normal bundle of a knot is trivial Choice-free relative transversality for a compact smooth embedding
Every selected Newton edge has an ACTUAL finite representation field and extending local curve valuation with peripheral eigenvalue pair a positive multiple of its primitive minimum normal. For an enhanced edge the representation is absolutely irreducible, including when its factor is also . Newton edges have valued finite peripheral representation models
For that valued representation, the actual lattice-tree/equivariant-map construction gives a connected orientable smooth essential surface with nonempty boundary whose primitive class annihilates the valuation pair. It proves both incompressibility and boundary-incompressibility by map-preserving compression complexity. With an absolutely irreducible representation it also proves that the chosen component cannot be a fiber. Nonelliptic lattice-tree actions produce essential boundary surfaces
In the stated marking has slope , including as infinity. Boundary slope of an incompressible surface in a knot exterior
Proof
Let be any edge of the enhanced Newton polygon. By [F2], choose its minimum-normal valued model using the irreducible-character incidence charts in that supplier, not merely a factor of the ordinary polynomial. The finite word-matrix determinant certificate is inverted before the generic-fiber closed point is selected; hence it stays nonzero in the resulting finite field. Thus the constructed representation is absolutely irreducible, its peripheral eigenvalues are the actual coordinate functions, and their valuation pair is a positive multiple of the primitive normal to . This also treats a factor contributed by irreducible characters.
Apply [F3] in the exterior verified by [F1]. It yields a connected orientable essential surface with nonempty boundary and the primitive kernel slope of that nonzero valuation pair. That is the edge slope by the same orthogonality equation as in [F4]. Moreover the last clause of [F3] applies to the ACTUAL absolutely irreducible representation from step 1.1. If the selected component were a fiber, its normal subgroup would fix an edge; integrality of all stable-letter conjugates would force the representation to be reducible, the contradiction proved there. Thus this surface is not a fiber of any fibration having it as fiber.
The surface is precisely a realizing orientable incompressible boundary-incompressible nonfiber surface in [F4]'s definition of strict boundary slope. Hence every specified enhanced edge slope is strict, including zero or infinity when those occur. No claim that the ordinary abelian edge is strict has been used: enhanced strictness depends on the actual irreducible-character model, while the ordinary boundary-slope theorem retains its weaker valid conclusion.
Depends on
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
20 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- John A. Baldwin and Steven Sivek, Torus knots, the A-polynomial, and SL(2,C), Theorem 4.4 and Remark 4.5 (standard reference, not scraped)
- D. Cooper, M. Culler, H. Gillet, D. D. Long, and P. B. Shalen, Plane curves associated to character varieties of 3-manifolds, §3 (standard reference, not scraped)