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Supplied inverse bimodule complexes give derived tensor equivalences

Statement

Use the standing localization size convention for all bounded derived categories, as in A bounded two-sided projective bimodule complex defines exact derived tensor functors. Let k be a commutative ring and let A,B be unital graded k-algebras. Let F be a bounded cochain complex of graded (B,A)-bimodules and G a bounded cochain complex of graded (A,B)-bimodules. Suppose every Fp is finite graded projective as a left B-module and projective as an underlying right A-module, and every Gq is finite graded projective as a left A-module and projective as an underlying right B-module.

Suppose internal-degree-zero bimodule chain maps and homotopies exhibit F⊗AG≃B as graded (B,B)-bimodule complexes and G⊗BF≃A as graded (A,A)-bimodule complexes, where each regular bimodule is concentrated in cochain degree zero. Then the tensor functors F⊗AL− and G⊗BL− are mutually quasi-inverse exact equivalences on ordinary bounded derived categories and their graded counterparts. They are also mutually quasi-inverse exact equivalences between Kb(proj⁡grA) and Kb(proj⁡grB).

The supplied inverse data alone do not choose coherent comparison isomorphisms for a group action.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The algebras and bounded bimodule complexes in the statement, and the supplied internal-degree-zero homotopy equivalences. Write H=F⊗AG and J=G⊗BF. For the first equivalence let u:H→B and v:B→H be the supplied chain maps, with internal-degree-zero homotopies between vu and 1H and between uv and 1B. For the second equivalence use maps u′:J→A and v′:A→J with the corresponding homotopies. All homotopies have cochain degree −1.

[L1]

The balanced associator is a natural chain isomorphism (F⊗AG)⊗BX≅F⊗A(G⊗BX) and likewise in the other tensor order (Bounded bimodule tensor is associative, unital, and compatible with cones).

[L2]

The regular bimodule gives natural chain isomorphisms B⊗BX≅X and A⊗AY≅Y (Bounded bimodule tensor is associative, unital, and compatible with cones).

[L3]

Internal-degree-zero bimodule chain maps tensor to chain maps and preserve identities and composition (Bimodule tensor totalization respects differentials and homotopies).

[L4]

A cochain homotopy in the first bimodule variable transfers by K(f⊗x)=k(f)⊗x; tensoring therefore carries supplied homotopy equivalences in that variable to homotopy equivalences (Bimodule tensor totalization respects differentials and homotopies).

[L5]

Under the stated left and right projectivity hypotheses, tensor gives an exact functor between the bounded homotopy categories of finite graded projective modules (A bounded two-sided projective bimodule complex defines exact derived tensor functors).

[L6]

Under the same hypotheses, tensor preserves bounded quasi-isomorphisms, descends to exact ordinary and graded bounded derived functors, and computes the derived tensor by ordinary signed totalization (A bounded two-sided projective bimodule complex defines exact derived tensor functors).

[L7]

The homotopy-invariance proposition assumes each of the two bimodule complexes being compared has finite graded projective left terms and projective underlying right terms (Bimodule homotopy equivalences induce natural tensor-functor isomorphisms).

Proof

Proof technique: Build the two natural transformations from reassociation, the supplied bimodule maps, and the regular units. Transfer the supplied homotopies directly in the first tensor variable.

Given: The hypotheses and notation of Facts & Assumptions.

1.1L5L6given

Apply [L5, L6] separately to F and G. This defines the two tensor functors on the bounded homotopy categories of finite graded projectives and on ordinary and graded bounded derived categories; in each setting their values are represented by signed ordinary totalization.

1.2L1L2L3givenconstruct

For a bounded left B-complex X, define ηX:F⊗A(G⊗BX)→X by the inverse associator to (F⊗AG)⊗BX, followed by u⊗B1X and the unit B⊗BX→X. Define ϵX:X→F⊗A(G⊗BX) in reverse order using the inverse unit, v⊗B1X, and the associator. By [L1, L2, L3] these are chain maps on the balanced total complexes.

1.3L1L2L3givenconstruct

For a bounded left A-complex Y, use the inverse associator to write G⊗B(F⊗AY) as (G⊗BF)⊗AY, then apply u′⊗A1Y and the unit A⊗AY→Y. The reverse natural map uses the inverse unit, v′⊗A1Y, and the associator. These are chain maps by [L1, L2, L3].

2.1L4givenstep 1.2algebra

If h is a supplied homotopy between vu and 1H, [L4] gives the homotopy KX(z⊗x)=h(z)⊗x after tensoring with X; the homotopy between uv and 1B transfers in the same way. Conjugating these homotopies by the associator and unit maps shows that ϵXηX and ηXϵX are homotopic to the respective identity maps. Thus the two maps are inverse in the homotopy category.

3.1L1L2L3step 1.2step 2.1algebra

For a chain map g:X→X′, the naturality square for u⊗1 commutes on each elementary tensor, since both routes send z⊗x to u(z)⊗g(x); the same holds for v⊗1. The associator and units are natural by [L1, L2], and the transferred homotopies are natural because h(z)⊗g(x) is independent of the order of applying g and the homotopy. Hence η and ϵ are inverse natural isomorphisms on the bounded homotopy category of left B-complexes.

4.1L4givenstep 1.3algebra

Transfer the supplied homotopies between v′u′ and 1J, and between u′v′ and 1A, by [L4]. They show that the maps of Step 1.3 are mutually inverse in the homotopy category. Naturality follows on elementary tensors exactly as in Step 3.1, so the two maps give inverse natural isomorphisms for the G⊗B− and F⊗A− composite on bounded left A-complexes.

5.1L4L5L7step 2.1step 3.1step 4.1algebra

By [L5], F⊗A− and G⊗B− restrict to the indicated bounded homotopy categories of finite graded projectives. Steps 2.1–4.1 give inverse natural isomorphisms there. Each functor is exact by [L5], so these are exact equivalences. The adjacent proposition [L7] assumes two-sided projectivity for both complexes being compared; that has not been included for H or J, so it is not applied to them. No projectivity of H or J is needed because [L4] transfers the supplied homotopies directly in the first variable.

5.2L6step 3.1step 4.1step 2.1algebra

By [L6], each tensor functor preserves quasi-isomorphisms and its derived functor is represented by ordinary signed totalization. The natural transformations from Steps 3.1 and 4.1 commute with every quasi-isomorphism. After localization, the vertical maps in each such naturality square are invertible; the same square therefore commutes for the inverse of a quasi-isomorphism and hence for every morphism generated in the localization. The transformations descend, and their inverse identities from Steps 2.1 and 4.1 remain identities there. The two derived tensor functors are thus quasi-inverse exact equivalences in both ordinary and graded settings.

6.1

Empty or zero complexes give zero totalizations, where the maps and homotopies still satisfy the identity equations. One-term complexes and zero-differential complexes use the same formulas; bounded endpoints add only zero summands. All inverse maps and homotopies are supplied in the hypotheses, and the derived models use the supplied F and G, so no family of choices or Axiom of Choice is used. The theorem is an implication and proves no biconditional. It gives inverse functors for the specified pair but proves no coherence for comparison isomorphisms indexed by a group. [step 1.2, step 2.1, step 1.3, step 4.1, step 5.1, step 5.2, given, algebra] □

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