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Local normal form near a coisotropic submanifold

Statement

Assume ACω. For j=0,1, let ij:Cj↪(Mj,ωj) be a closed coisotropic embedding. If f:C0→C1 is a diffeomorphism satisfying f∗i1∗ω1=i0∗ω0, then f extends to a symplectomorphism between neighbourhoods of C0 and C1. Thus the presymplectic form on a coisotropic submanifold, whose kernel is its characteristic distribution, determines the local symplectic germ.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: ACω and the two coisotropic embeddings and map in the statement.

[F1]

The characteristic bundle K=ker⁡(i∗ω) is smooth and involutive. Characteristic distribution of a coisotropic submanifold is involutive.

[F2]

An involutive constant-rank distribution has foliation coordinates. Frobenius local coordinate theorem.

[F3]

Every smooth vector subbundle has a smooth complement. Every vector subbundle has a smooth complement.

[F4]

Under ACω, closed embeddings have tubular neighbourhoods, and relative Moser corrects forms agreeing along the embedded submanifold. The tubular neighbourhood theorem in a smooth ambient manifold, Relative Poincaré primitive near a submanifold, Relative Moser theorem.

Proof

technique · direct
1.1F1F2F3givenalgebra

By [F1]--[F2], Kj integrates locally to the characteristic foliation. The equality of restricted forms gives df(K0)=K1. By [F3], choose a smooth complement E0 to K0 in TC0 and put E1=df(E0). Each Ej is symplectic: if e∈Ej is orthogonal to Ej, it is also orthogonal to Kj because Kj=TCjωj, hence to all of TCj; thus e∈Kj∩Ej=0. Consequently TMj∣Cj=Ej⊕Sj,Sj=Ejωj, where Sj is a smooth symplectic subbundle of rank 2rank⁡Kj and Kj⊂Sj is Lagrangian. Smoothness follows locally by solving the constant-rank linear equations defining the symplectic orthogonal.

2.1F3step 1.1algebra

Choose by [F3] a smooth complement Gj to Kj in Sj. The pairing Kj×Gj→R, (k,g)↦ωj(k,g), is nondegenerate. There is therefore a unique smooth bundle map Tj:Gj→Kj satisfying ωj(Tjg,h)=−12ωj(g,h)(g,h∈Gj). For Gj′={g+Tjg:g∈Gj}, skew-symmetry gives ωj(g+Tjg,h+Tjh)=ωj(g,h)−12ωj(g,h)+12ωj(h,g)=0. Thus Sj=Kj⊕Gj′ is a Lagrangian splitting. Define A:G0′→G1′ by the nondegenerate-pairing condition ω1(df(k),A(g))=ω0(k,g)(k∈K0). It is a smooth bundle isomorphism. The map equal to df on E0⊕K0 and to A on G0′ preserves the symplectic form on every summand and cross-pairing, hence is a symplectic bundle isomorphism TM0∣C0→TM1∣C1 extending df.

3.1F4step 2.1construct

The quotient maps identify the chosen complements Gj′ with the quotient normal bundles. Apply the tubular construction in [F4] using these complements: explicitly, in the proof of that construction replace the orthogonal complement by Gj′ in the normal-addition map. Its derivative at (x,0) is then (u,g)↦dij(u)+g; the same inverse-function and variable-radius shrinking argument produces a tubular diffeomorphism Ψj with that derivative. The bundle map induced by A:G0′→G1′ therefore gives h=Ψ1∘A∘Ψ0−1, a diffeomorphism between neighbourhoods extending f with dh∣C0 equal to the full symplectic bundle isomorphism of step 2.1, not merely equal on quotient normals. Hence h∗ω1 and ω0 agree as full tensors along C0. Their difference is closed and has the fibre-radial relative primitive supplied in [F4].

4.1F4step 1.1step 2.1step 3.1∎

The interpolation between those two forms is symplectic near C0. Relative Moser therefore gives a correction fixed on C0; composing it with h produces the desired neighbourhood symplectomorphism. The characteristic foliation was derived in step 1.1 rather than assumed as extra data.

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