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Pointed morphisms from smooth geometrically integral groups to abelian varieties are homomorphisms

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. Let G be a smooth geometrically integral group variety over a field k, and A an abelian variety. Every k-morphism f:G→A with f(eG)=eA is a group homomorphism.

Facts & Assumptions

[F3]

Algebraic closures exist under AC. (Assuming Choice, every field has an algebraic closure)

[F1]

Abelian varieties are commutative, and rational maps from smooth integral varieties to them extend uniquely. (A proper geometrically connected group variety is commutative, Rational maps from smooth varieties to abelian varieties extend)

[F2]

Over an algebraically closed field, a smooth integral group has a smooth integral open completion factor U containing it with Γ(U,O)=k. An integral factor with those global sections satisfies pointed-fibre rigidity. (The smooth locus of a normal completion of a group has only constant functions, Rigidity for an integral factor with only constant functions)

Proof

Given: AC, G,A,f as in the statement.

1.1F1F2givenconstruct

First let k be algebraically closed. The defect c(x,y)=f(xy)−f(x)−f(y) is a morphism G×G→A, using [F1], and is zero on G×{eG} and {eG}×G. Obtain U from [F2]. Since G×G is dense open in the smooth integral U×G, regard c as a rational map on that product; [F1] extends it uniquely to cˉ:U×G→A. Its restriction to U×{eG} is zero by generic agreement and separatedness. Apply the rigidity part of [F2] with rational base point eG∈G⊂U: cˉ(u,y)=cˉ(eG,y)=0 everywhere. Consequently f(xy)=f(x)+f(y) as a scheme morphism identity.

2.1F1F2F3step 1.1algebra∎

For arbitrary k, extend scalars to an algebraic closure. Geometric integrality and smoothness of G remain, so step 1.1 gives the required identity after extension. That identity holds already over k: the equalizer is closed, and its defining ideal sections vanish after faithful flat scalar extension, so are zero. Together with the assumed identity preservation, multiplication preservation also implies inverse preservation by the group inverse equations. Therefore f is a homomorphism. AC is inherited from [F1]–[F2] and the algebraic closure.

Depends on

Used by

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Sources