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A finite normal generically étale cover of a regular scheme is étale if unramified in codimension one
Statement
Assume AC. Let be a locally Noetherian regular integral scheme and let be finite, with normal, every irreducible component dominating , and finite separable generic extensions. If the morphism is étale at every point lying over every codimension-one point of , then it is étale everywhere. Equivalently its nonempty branch locus has a codimension-one component. The statement has arbitrary relative dimension and includes mixed characteristic.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: AC, , and the hypotheses in the Statement.
Regular rings are normal and localizations are regular; going down preserves heights in integral domain extensions over a normal domain (regular local rings are normal, localisations of regular local rings are regular, Under going down and incomparability, lying-over primes have the same finite height).
Finite étale covers extend uniquely across the closed point of any regular local ring of dimension at least two (Finite étale covers extend across the closed point of a regular local ring). Étale base change commutes with integral closure (Integral closure commutes with étale base change).
The étale locus is open and finite morphisms are closed (The etale locus is open, Finite morphisms are integral and universally closed). Étale equals flat and unramified in finite presentation (Étale equals flat and unramified in finite presentation). AC is inherited through [F1]–[F3] (The Axiom of Choice).
Proof
Work over a Noetherian affine open of ; the finite normal algebra of is the integral closure of its normal base domain in its generic product of separable fields. Indeed is integral over , and an element of the generic algebra integral over is integral over and therefore belongs to by normality. By [F3] the image of the nonétale locus is a closed subset of . If it is nonempty, choose the generic point of one of its irreducible components. It is neither generic nor height one by the hypotheses, so . Over the punctured spectrum of the cover is finite étale: no proper subprime lies in by the minimality of .
By [F2] this punctured cover extends to a finite étale algebra over . The generic algebra is the same as that of . Both algebras are its integral closure of : this was proved for in step 1.1 and follows for from integral-closure compatibility in [F2] applied to the normal ring and its fraction field. Hence they are canonically isomorphic, so is étale, contradicting . Thus is empty on every affine open, and the finite cover is étale. This proves the full codimension-one criterion.
Depends on
- The Axiom of Choice
- Finite étale covers extend across the closed point of a regular local ring
- regular local rings are normal
- localisations of regular local rings are regular
- Under going down and incomparability, lying-over primes have the same finite height
- Integral closure commutes with étale base change
- The etale locus is open
- Finite morphisms are integral and universally closed
- Étale equals flat and unramified in finite presentation
Used by
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76 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- SGA 2, Exposé X §§3.5–3.9 and complete proof of Theorem 3.4(i) (standard reference, not scraped)
- SGA 1, Exposé X §3, purity and its dimension-two discriminant proof (standard reference, not scraped)
- Stacks Project, Fundamental Groups §§19–21, especially Lemmas 20.7 and 21.3–21.4 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Stacks Project, Algebraic and Formal Geometry §15, Lemmas 15.1 and 15.5; regular-case argument expanded here (standard reference, not scraped)