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TheoremStatement: AI-adaptedProof: AI-generatedPipeline-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-09-14
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Symplectic neighborhood theorem

Statement

Assume ACω. For j=0,1, let Sj be a closed embedded symplectic submanifold of (Mj,ωj). Suppose f:(S0,ω0∣S0)→(S1,ω1∣S1) is a symplectomorphism and F:Nω0S0→Nω1S1 is a symplectic vector-bundle isomorphism over f. Then f extends to a symplectomorphism between neighbourhoods of S0 and S1, inducing F on the symplectic normal bundles.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: ACω and the closed submanifolds, map, and normal bundle isomorphism in the statement.

[F1]

The symplectic normal gives the splitting TMj∣Sj=TSj⊕NωjSj. Symplectic normal bundle of a symplectic submanifold.

[F2]

Under ACω, closed embedded submanifolds have tubular neighbourhoods. The tubular neighbourhood theorem in a smooth ambient manifold.

[F3]

A closed form vanishing as a tensor along a closed submanifold has a relative primitive whose first jet vanishes there. Relative Poincaré primitive near a submanifold.

[F4]

The Moser equation makes the evolving pullback constant, and smooth time-dependent fields have unique local smooth evolutions. Moser pullback differentiation equation, Time-dependent vector fields have local smooth evolution operators.

Proof

technique · direct
1.1F1F2givenconstruct

By [F1], df⊕F:TM0∣S0→TM1∣S1 is a symplectic vector-bundle isomorphism: the two summands are symplectically orthogonal and each summand map is symplectic. We need tubular maps with a specified vertical derivative, not merely the existence clause of [F2]. Rerun its explicit proof using the smooth direct-sum complement Cj=NωjSj in place of the metric-orthogonal complement. In the proof's Euclidean-retraction construction, the map on Cj has the form (p,v)↦jj−1Rj(jj(ij(p))+djj(v)); its differential at (p,0) is (u,v)↦dij(u)+v. The local-frame topology, inverse-function argument, and continuous variable-radius shrinking there use only injectivity of djj∣Cj and TMj∣Sj=TSj⊕Cj, so they apply to this complement unchanged. Write the resulting tubular maps as Ψj on neighbourhoods in Cj. Then h=Ψ1∘F∘Ψ0−1 is a diffeomorphism of neighbourhoods extending f, and its differential along S0 is exactly df⊕F.

2.1F3step 1.1algebra

Consequently h∗ω1 and ω0 agree as bilinear forms on all of TM0∣S0. Their convex interpolation Ωt=(1−t)ω0+th∗ω1 is symplectic near S0 after shrinking, because it equals ω0 on S0 for every parameter and nondegeneracy is open. Put α=h∗ω1−ω0. By [F3], α=dσ for a one-form σ whose first jet vanishes on S0. Solve ιXtΩt=−σ. The inverse bundle maps Ωt−♭ are smooth, so Xt also has vanishing first jet on S0.

3.1F4step 1.1step 2.1construct∎

The affine formula Ωt=(1−t)ω0+th∗ω1 is smooth for all real t and equals ω0 as a full tensor at each point of S0 for every t. For each p∈S0, compactness of [0,1] and openness of nondegeneracy give a spatial neighbourhood Up and an open time interval Ip⊃[0,1] on which Ωt is nondegenerate. Thus Xt=−Ωt−♭σ is genuinely defined on an open time domain near ([0,1],p), as required by the local-evolution supplier in [F4]. Since Xt and its first derivative vanish along S0, the constant solutions and variational equation give a time-one evolution g on some neighbourhood of each p, fixing S0 with dg∣TM0∣S0=I. Uniqueness glues these local evolutions after shrinking their spatial domains; no uniform time collar is needed when S0 is noncompact. The pullback differentiation equation in [F4] gives g∗h∗ω1=ω0. Thus h∘g is the required symplectomorphism and induces the prescribed F on symplectic normal bundles. For empty S0, take empty neighbourhoods and the empty map.

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