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TheoremStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passverified 2026-09-09 (gpt-6-astra)
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The Kunneth sequence splits nonnaturally

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Choice. For free abelian complexes with finite diagonals, the Kunneth short exact sequence splits after choices, but no natural splitting is claimed.

Proof

Given: free abelian complexes C,D with finite diagonals, and the Axiom of Choice (The Axiom of Choice).

1.1given

Write the sequence of The Kunneth theorem for free complexes over a PID as 0→Un→αVn→βWn→0, where Un=⨁p+q=nHpC⊗HqD and Vn=Hn(C⊗D). The map α is the cycle cross product.

2.1step 1.1choose

For E=C,D, the exact sequence 0→ZpE→Ep→Bp−1E→0 is supplied by The cycle-boundary short exact sequences for a free complex over a PID. Under AC its last term is free by Boundaries and cycles in a free complex over a PID are free, hence projective by Free modules are projective, with the exact choice boundary. Choose sections in every degree and both complexes, using AC for this family as well as the free-module lifts. They give retractions rp:Ep→ZpE.

3.1step 2.1algebra

Let H(E) denote the zero-differential complex with terms HpE, and define πE,p(x)=[rp(x)]. This is a chain map: dEx is a boundary and a cycle, so rp−1(dEx)=dEx has zero homology class. On cycles, πE is the usual homology quotient.

4.1step 1.1step 3.1algebra

Tensor the two chain maps using The tensor product of a right and a left chain complex is totalized by direct sums with the Koszul differential. The target H(C)⊗H(D) has zero differential and degree-n term Un, so the induced homology map is r:Vn→Un. On a cross-product generator [z]⊗[w], one has rα([z]⊗[w])=[z]⊗[w]; therefore rα=1.

5.1step 1.1step 4.1algebra∎

The restriction β:ker⁡r→Wn is bijective. Indeed, any lift v of w can be replaced by v−αr(v)∈ker⁡r without changing its image; and if v∈ker⁡r∩ker⁡β, exactness gives v=α(u), whence u=r(v)=0. Its inverse followed by inclusion is a homomorphism s:Wn→Vn satisfying βs=1 and sβ=1−αr. This is the required section. It depends on the selected retractions, and no natural selection is asserted.

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