How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
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These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Rectangular flat-torus string compactification data
Source-free, unwarped product compactifications with a rectangular flat internal torus. The scalar spectrum is the two-derivative minimally coupled Kaluza-Klein spectrum; the string momentum and winding sector is the kinematic finite product of the supplied free-circle data. No full interacting CFT, nonrectangular Narain, or general T-duality claim is made.
Definition
Assume the Axiom of Countable Choice. Let , let be finite radii with units of length, and let be dimensionless angular coordinates. Put , represented by the physical coordinate , and define the rectangular torus with internal line element . The internal metric is constant, diagonal, flat, and Riemannian. The external space is a Lorentzian -manifold with signature , and the product background metric is , with no warp factor or moduli-dependent Weyl rescaling. The dilaton is a constant , the internal NS two-form vanishes, and background field strengths and localized sources vanish.
For the minimally coupled scalar sector, define as the external mass-squared parameter in the separated equation , where and is the nonpositive-sign Laplace–Beltrami operator. Use natural units , so has dimension inverse mass and has dimension mass. The coordinate characters , , form the Fourier modes of this compact internal space. Their two-derivative Kaluza–Klein masses are .
For the kinematic free closed-string product sector, use the single-circle data on each factor: for , momentum and winding give and , with of dimension length squared. Let be the single-circle orthonormal basis-label set from that data, including and its finite-support left and right oscillator occupations. Define the product Hilbert space to be with its coordinate orthonormal basis. For a tuple of labels, define and as in the single-circle data, and define the total product weights by and . Thus the product convention means a finite product of independent circle basis sectors with additive left and right weight labels. It supplies no further OPE, sewing, modular-invariance, or interacting-string data. This product statement does not extend to off-diagonal metric or -field moduli, the general Narain action, or arbitrary T-duality transformations.
Definition references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: The direct product metric and scalar wave equation in the Definition, radii , and the Axiom of Countable Choice.
Flat torus model geometry: the quotient with its constant Euclidean metric is a smooth, connected, boundaryless flat torus; the quotient map is a local isometry. Its statement assumes Countable Choice.
The Fourier basis and Parseval's identity on the finite torus: assuming Countable Choice, the coordinate characters , , form a complete orthonormal basis of for normalized Haar measure, where .
Kaluza–Klein product and warped reduction data (current carrier): fix , a smooth Lorentzian external -manifold , and a smooth compact boundaryless Riemannian internal -manifold . The current unwarped product ansatz is . The carrier also defines a warped Einstein-frame ansatz and requires each reduction to declare periods, normalizations, frame, dilaton, moduli, sources, boundary conditions, and retained orders. It explicitly says these are ansatz data, not consequences of compactness or harmonicity; a harmonic-mode ansatz is not a consistency theorem. The relevant current hypotheses are smooth nondegenerate product metrics and a positive finite-volume Riemannian internal metric. Its current Step-1 row remains escalated and hash-stale: the recorded conventions-readiness gap is now closed, but its owner has not refreshed the row. The exact unwarped product clause consumed here is present.
Compact Free String Circle Spectrum (current carrier and current batch-59 page placement; its current Step-1 record is ready): for a free closed-string coordinate on a flat Lorentzian cylinder, , integer momentum and winding give and . For left/right oscillator grades , the weights are and , with level matching when other sectors are included consistently. Its hypotheses exclude field, orbifold, interaction, defect, and backreaction and require additive other sectors. The current carrier contains a complete zero-mode normalization and level-matching verification.
The Axiom of Countable Choice (): for every sequence of nonempty sets, there is a function with for every . This is the exact Countable Choice assumption used by [F1] and [F2]; no full Axiom of Choice is used here.
The scalar field is a smooth function on satisfying the minimally coupled product equation . This specifies the scalar sector whose Kaluza–Klein masses are being computed; it is not a claim about every ten-dimensional field or a string-scale correction.
The exact free-string datum here is the finite product Hilbert space of the single-circle basis-label sets, with total weights and . This is the kinematic product model for a diagonal internal metric and vanishing ; it is not a definition or proof of a full interacting worldsheet CFT.
Proof
Given: [F1]–[F4], [A1]–[A2], the stated radii and coordinate periods, and the displayed product metric.
The map identifies as a smooth manifold with . In angular coordinates its metric matrix is and is constant, so the coordinate formula gives . The coordinate quotient is compact: every class has a representative in , and the quotient map restricted to this compact cube is continuous and surjective. The constant rescaling of the flat quotient metric preserves this topology and zero curvature. This is the unwarped product case of [F3].
Under , . By [F2] these characters are a complete orthonormal basis, and direct differentiation gives . Thus the integer labels give the complete scalar internal spectrum, with no missing non-Fourier modes.
For each , define using normalized Haar measure. Multiply [A2] by and integrate over the compact torus. Smoothness permits differentiation under this integral, and periodicity eliminates boundary terms; integration by parts moves onto . By step 1.2, the resulting coefficient equation is . Completeness in [F2] ensures that these Fourier coefficients exhaust the scalar modes. With the stated mostly-plus convention this is the Klein–Gordon equation of mass squared .
For each , [F4] supplies the single-circle basis labels and finite-support oscillator occupations, with the corresponding left/right weights. By [A3], a product basis vector is a tuple of those labels in , and its total weights are the explicit sums and . Hence the product zero modes are labelled by and the total left/right weights add componentwise. This is the rectangular kinematic product-circle sector only; no full CFT, off-diagonal Narain lattice, or general statement follows.
Remarks
Arvanitakis–Hohm–Hull–Lekeu use dimensionless coordinates of period and the convention in §4; Ginsparg's compact-boson convention is , . These are compatible with the current single-circle formula after the convention change , and the momentum/winding label identification. The cited treatments support the circle data and torus scope, not a locally proved general Narain duality or a consistent truncation theorem.
The scalar Kaluza–Klein argument is complete conditionally on its displayed equation and mathematical suppliers. The free-circle carrier and its batch-59 page placement are current and its Step-1 record is ready. The exact unwarped product clause in the KK-ansatz carrier matches [F3], and no frame-conversion calculation is used. However, the current KK-ansatz Step-1 row remains escalated and is hash-stale: its recorded conventions prerequisite was missing then, while the conventions supplier now has a ready record. This batch does not overwrite that escalation; the item remains escalated until its owner refreshes the stale readiness record.