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The δ=0 endpoint computation: the free rotation (q,p)↦(p,−q), the kick (q,p)↦(q,p+q2−a) and K∘R0=F

Example

In the model of The smooth P-periodic pulsed oscillator: the normalized pulse, its Hamiltonian and its stroboscopic (period) map:

  1. the free oscillator q′=p, p′=−q on the interval [0,π/2] carries the initial data (q0,p0) to

(q,p)(π2)=(q0cos⁡π2+p0sin⁡π2,  −q0sin⁡π2+p0cos⁡π2)=(p0,−q0)=R0(q0,p0);

  1. the δ=0 rescaled equation qs=0, ps=w(s)(q2−a) has the exact solution q(s)=q0, p(s)=p0+(q02−a)∫0sw, so its endpoint map is

K(q0,p0)=(q0,  p0+q02−a)

because ∫01w=1; and

(K∘R0)(q0,p0)=K(p0,−q0)=(p0, −q0+p02−a)=F(q0,p0).

Moreover βδ≥0 with ∫0Pβδ=1 and the restriction of the pulse to [0,P] has support contained in (π/2,P). On R its support is the periodic union ⋃j∈Z(π/2+δ supp⁡w+jP).

Facts & Assumptions

Given: The model data w, δ>0, βδ, R0, the rescaled equation and the maps K,F of The smooth P-periodic pulsed oscillator: the normalized pulse, its Hamiltonian and its stroboscopic (period) map.

[L1]

Trigonometric solution (The derivatives of sine and cosine are cosine and minus sine, Sine and cosine defined by their real power series, Parity and the Pythagorean identity for sine and cosine, The zero sets of sine and cosine and the least positive common period 2 pi, Pi is the first positive zero of sine): the functions q(t)=q0cos⁡t+p0sin⁡t, p(t)=−q0sin⁡t+p0cos⁡t satisfy q′=p, p′=−q and the initial conditions; cos⁡(π/2)=0, sin⁡(π/2)>0, and the Pythagorean identity gives sin⁡(π/2)=1.

[L2]

Pulse data (The smooth P-periodic pulsed oscillator: the normalized pulse, its Hamiltonian and its stroboscopic (period) map): w:R→R is smooth, nonnegative and compactly supported inside (0,1) with ∫01w=1; βδ is P-periodic with ∫0Pβδ=1; βδ=0 on [0,π/2] and βδ(t)=δ−1w((t−π/2)/δ) on [π/2,P].

[L3]

Since w is continuous on [0,1], it is integrable (A continuous function on [a,b] is Riemann integrable, by Heine-Cantor and Riemann's criterion); its integral function W(s):=∫0sw(u) du satisfies W′(s)=w(s) on [0,1] by the first part of the fundamental theorem of calculus (The first fundamental theorem: if f is integrable on [a,b] and continuous at c, then F′(c)=f(c); in particular a continuous f has F as a primitive), and W(1)=1 by [L2].

[L4]

Uniqueness of solutions (Every Picard–Lindelöf initial value problem has one maximal solution on an open interval): the free oscillator field (q,p)↦(p,−q) is continuous and locally Lipschitz, so its initial value problems have a unique maximal solution; every solution with the same initial data is a restriction of that maximal solution.

Verification

direct; differentiate the displayed trigonometric solutions, integrate the constant right-hand side, and substitute the two endpoint maps.

1.1givenL1L4algebra

Free rotation: by [L1] the displayed (q,p) solves the free equations with the stated initial data, so by the uniqueness clause of [L4] it is the solution and the time-π/2 map is (q0,p0)↦(q0cos⁡π2+p0sin⁡π2,−q0sin⁡π2+p0cos⁡π2)=(p0,−q0)=R0(q0,p0).

1.2givenL2L3algebra

Kick: for δ=0 the rescaled equation is qs=0, ps=w(s)(q02−a). By [L3], q(s)=q0 and p(s)=p0+(q02−a)W(s) solve it with the stated initial data; evaluating at s=1 and using W(1)=1 gives K(q0,p0)=(q0,p0+q02−a).

2.1step 1.1step 1.2algebra

Composition: substituting (q0,p0)↦(p0,−q0) into K and expanding gives (K∘R0)(q0,p0)=(p0,−q0+p02−a)=F(q0,p0), which is the displayed identity.

3.1givenL2∎

Pulse support and normalization: by [L2], on the single period [0,P] the coefficient vanishes outside the compact set π/2+δ supp⁡w⊂(π/2,P), is nonnegative, and has integral 1. Periodicity translates that set by each jP, j∈Z, giving the stated global support union. The integral on one period is 1; the global periodic coefficient does not have bounded support.

Remarks

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

Sources