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Declared ideal infinite wire and cylindrical current sheet: explicit fields and their distributional equations

Physical scope

Explicit verification of the two declared ideal noncompact source models, the infinite straight wire and the infinite cylindrical current sheet (ideal solenoid). The models carry declared symmetry and decay data; they are not finite-energy localised-current theorems, nothing is claimed about self-energy, inductance or self-forces, and no measurement, apparatus or statistical inference is involved.

Example

Assume Countable Choice (ACω), with the exact meaning of The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω).

(a) [Ideal infinite straight wire]. Let γ(s)=(0,0,s), s∈R, let Jw be the declared ideal line current of amplitude I along γ (The steady-current (magnetostatic) regime, the compact smooth current class and the declared ideal noncompact models(c2)), and define, on R3∖γ, B(x):=μ0I2πρ eφ,ρ=x12+x22,eφ=ρ−1(−x2,x1,0). Then B is locally integrable on R3 and of class C∞ off γ; div⁡B=0 and curl⁡B=0 pointwise off γ; B is invariant under translations along γ and rotations about it, and its transverse far-zone supremum tends to 0 as ρ→∞; for every r>0 and h∈R, the circulation of B along γr,h(t)=(rcos⁡t,rsin⁡t,h), 0≤t≤2π, traversed once with increasing t, is μ0I (Scalar line integrals with respect to arc length and vector-field line integrals); and div⁡B=0, curl⁡B=μ0Jw hold in the distributional sense of The steady-current (magnetostatic) regime, the compact smooth current class and the declared ideal noncompact models(c4). Hence B is an admitted field of the declared wire model; the transverse decay excludes an added homogeneous longitudinal field, and no further selection, uniqueness or energy claim is made.

(b) [Ideal infinite cylindrical sheet]. Let a>0, S={ρ=a}, K∈R, let JS be the declared ideal sheet current of amplitude K along S (The steady-current (magnetostatic) regime, the compact smooth current class and the declared ideal noncompact models(c3)), and define B:=μ0Ke3 for ρ<a and B:=0 for ρ>a. Then B is locally integrable on R3 and of class C∞ off S; div⁡B=0 and curl⁡B=0 pointwise off S; B has the declared symmetry (translations along and rotations about the axis) and its transverse far-zone supremum is 0; the one-sided jump across S, with n=eρ from the interior to the exterior and [B]=B+−B−, is n×[B]=μ0Keφ and n⋅[B]=0, the stationary tangential-sheet jump for this noncompact cylinder, established by the test-localized The piecewise constant cylinder field e31{ρ<a}: distributional curl on the cylinder for the current density Keφ (computed directly as eρ×(0−μ0Ke3)=μ0Keφ); and div⁡B=0, curl⁡B=μ0JS hold in the distributional sense of The steady-current (magnetostatic) regime, the compact smooth current class and the declared ideal noncompact models(c4). Hence B is an admitted field of the declared solenoid model.

(c) [Scope]. Both models are declared noncompact idealisations: they are not finite-energy localized-current theorems; nothing is asserted about self-energy, inductance, self-force, the fields on the sources, or the approximation of any physical apparatus; and the fields are selected within the declared symmetry and decay class, not shown to be the only solutions of the magnetostatic equations off the sources without that class. The external force between two such wires is treated in Force per unit length between two declared ideal parallel wires under the adopted thin-wire coupling.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Assume ACω; let the ideal line current Jw and the ideal sheet current JS be the declared objects of The steady-current (magnetostatic) regime, the compact smooth current class and the declared ideal noncompact models(c2) and (c3); let B be the fields defined in (a) and (b) of the Example.

[F1]

The field f:=ρ−1eφ on R3∖γ is locally integrable, is C∞ off γ with div⁡f=curl⁡f=0 there, has circulation 2π along each positively oriented circle γr,h defined in (a), and satisfies ⟨curl⁡Tf,ψ⟩=2πA(ψ) with A(ψ)=∫Rψ3(0,0,x3) dx3 and ⟨div⁡Tf,φ⟩=0 for all scalar and vector tests (The azimuthal line field ρ−1eφ: local integrability and distributional curl on the axis).

[F2]

The piecewise constant field g=e31{ρ<a} extended by zero outside the cylinder satisfies ⟨curl⁡Tg,ψ⟩=∫Seφ⋅ψ dS and ⟨div⁡Tg,φ⟩=0 for all tests, with the one-sided values satisfying g+−g−=−e3, eρ×(g+−g−)=eφ and eρ⋅(g+−g−)=0 (The piecewise constant cylinder field e31{ρ<a}: distributional curl on the cylinder).

[F3]

The declared line current acts as ⟨Jw,ψ⟩=I∫Rψ3(0,0,s) ds and the declared sheet current as ⟨JS,ψ⟩=K∫Seφ⋅ψ dS (The steady-current (magnetostatic) regime, the compact smooth current class and the declared ideal noncompact models(c2)-(c3)), and the admissibility predicate (c4) requires local integrability, C1 regularity and vanishing divergence and curl off the source, the two global distributional identities, the declared symmetry and the stated decay (The steady-current (magnetostatic) regime, the compact smooth current class and the declared ideal noncompact models).

[F4]

The cross product and the identities e3×eρ=eφ, eρ×e3=−eφ hold (The cross product in R3); divergence and curl are the coordinate expressions of Divergence and curl of a C1 vector field; the circulation is the vector line integral of Scalar line integrals with respect to arc length and vector-field line integrals; surface integrals over the cylinder are those of Surface integration on compact C1 hypersurfaces, with the compact-face area computed through the Riemann integral of The Riemann integral of a bounded function over a bounded Jordan measurable set and A continuous real function on a compact Jordan measurable set is Riemann integrable over that set.

[F5]

The physical reading of these declared ideal models is the separate adopted assumption Physical adoption of the declared ideal magnetostatic loop, line and cylindrical-sheet models, which asserts no existence, uniqueness, finite self-energy, force, self-force or apparatus accuracy (Physical adoption of the declared ideal magnetostatic loop, line and cylindrical-sheet models).

[F6]

ACω is the countable-choice principle assumed here and inherited by the cited measure, surface, regular-distribution and Newtonian interfaces (The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω)).

Verification

technique · direct; the two explicit fields are scalar multiples of the fields of the two mathematical lemmas, so their pointwise, symmetry and distributional properties transport, and the admissibility predicate is then checked clause by clause
1.1givenF1

The field of (a) is B=μ0I2πf with f=ρ−1eφ; by [F1] it is locally integrable on R3 and C∞ off γ, with div⁡B=curl⁡B=0 pointwise off γ, and all these properties are stable under multiplication by the constant μ0I2π.

1.2givenF2

The field of (b) is B=μ0Kg with g the piecewise constant cylinder field: it is bounded, hence locally integrable, constantly μ0Ke3 for ρ<a and 0 for ρ>a, so it is C∞ off S with div⁡B=curl⁡B=0 there; it is invariant under translations along and rotations about the third axis, and its supremum on any compact set of cross-sectional parameters is 0 for every ρ>a, hence its transverse far-zone supremum is 0.

2.1step 1.1F1F3F4

For the wire, ⟨curl⁡TB,ψ⟩=μ0I2π⟨curl⁡Tf,ψ⟩=μ0I A(ψ)=μ0⟨Jw,ψ⟩ and ⟨div⁡TB,φ⟩=0 for all tests by [F1] and [F3]; moreover B depends only on ρ through the scalar factor μ0I2πρ multiplying eφ, so it is invariant under translations along γ and rotations about it, and its transverse far-zone supremum is μ0∣I∣2πρ→0. The circulation of B along the increasing-t traversal γr,h of (a) is μ0I2π times the circulation 2π of f, that is μ0I, by [F1] and the linearity of the line integral [F4].

2.2step 1.2F2F3F4

For the sheet, ⟨curl⁡TB,ψ⟩=μ0K⟨curl⁡Tg,ψ⟩=μ0K∫Seφ⋅ψ dS=μ0⟨JS,ψ⟩ and ⟨div⁡TB,φ⟩=0 for all tests by [F2] and [F3]. The one-sided values across S are B+=0 and B−=μ0Ke3 in the direction from the interior to the exterior, so [B]=B+−B−=−μ0Ke3 and, by [F4], n×[B]=eρ×(−μ0Ke3)=μ0Keφ and n⋅[B]=0; this is the jump displayed in (b), computed directly from the one-sided values of the declared field.

3.1step 1.1step 2.1F3

For the wire, every clause of the admissibility predicate F3 holds: local integrability and off-source C∞ regularity from step 1.1, the two pointwise vanishing identities off γ from step 1.1, the two distributional identities and the line-measure value from step 2.1, the translation and rotation symmetry from step 2.1, and the transverse decay from step 2.1. Hence the field of (a) is admitted for the declared wire model; the decay requirement is what rules out adding a constant longitudinal field, and nothing else is claimed.

3.2step 1.2step 2.2F3

For the sheet, every clause of F3 holds: local integrability, off-source C∞ regularity, the two pointwise vanishing identities and the symmetry and the vanishing transverse far-zone supremum from step 1.2, and the two distributional identities from step 2.2, with the one-sided jump of step 2.2 as the interface content. Hence the field of (b) is admitted for the declared solenoid model.

4.1step 3.1step 3.2F3F5F6∎

Steps 3.1 and 3.2 prove that both explicit fields are admitted under the predicate (c4) of [F3]; the physical reading of the declared models is the separate adopted assumption [F5], which adds no existence, uniqueness, self-energy, inductance, force or apparatus claim. Both models are declared noncompact idealisations: no finite-energy or localized-current conclusion is drawn, nothing is asserted on the sources, and the fields are selected within the declared symmetry and decay class rather than shown to be the only solutions off the sources. Countable Choice is inherited only through the cited measure, surface, regular-distribution and Newtonian interfaces [F6]; no stronger choice principle occurs.

Source notes

Griffiths, Example 5.5 and Examples 5.7 and 5.9, printed pp. 215-217 and 226-228, evaluates the wire field μ0I/(2πr) and the infinite-solenoid field μ0nI inside and zero outside; Tong, Sections 3.1.1-3.1.2, printed pp. 42-46, gives the wire field, the surface-current discontinuity (3.5)-(3.6) and the solenoid field (3.7); Chew, Lecture 4 Section 4.3.3-4.3.4, printed pp. 46-48, gives the current-sheet jump and the normal-field continuity. The verification above is the exact ideal-model check against the framework's admissibility predicate; no measurement, apparatus or uncertainty is involved, and the idealizations are not claimed to describe any real conductor or coil.

Depends on

Dependency tree · 2 levels

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