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Lipschitz stability of bounded Stokes pressure observations
Statement
Assume Countable Choice. Let , let be a nonempty bounded connected Lipschitz open set, and let . Set with and with the norm. For each , let be the unique pair satisfying where is the continuous real dual of and . Write for a finite constant in a bounded right inverse estimate and for . For a positive integer and bounded pressure sensors , define . Then and are real-linear, and for all where has its Euclidean norm.
Statement references
Guermond, MATH 661, Chapter 53, §§53.2.1–53.2.2, Lemma 53.9 and Theorem 53.11, weak formulation, divergence lifting, well-posedness and pressure stability.
Boffi–Brezzi–Fortin, Mixed Finite Element Methods and Applications, §§4.2.1–4.2.3, Example 4.2.2 and §8.2.1, pp. 225–229, 233–234, and 462–463, mixed Hilbert-space stability and Stokes pressure gauge.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Countable Choice; ; a nonempty bounded connected Lipschitz domain ; ; the real spaces and with the stated norms; a load in ; and a finite family of bounded pressure sensors.
Countable Choice is required by the weak Stokes solvability result used below. Weak Stokes solvability on bounded connected Lipschitz domains
Weak Stokes solvability on bounded connected Lipschitz domains: for every there is a unique weak Stokes pair , with mean-zero pressure.
Weak Stokes solvability on bounded connected Lipschitz domains: the pressure estimate is .
Divergence right inverse on bounded connected Lipschitz domains: is finite and independent of a finite-element mesh for the chosen bounded connected Lipschitz domain.
Stokes velocity and pressure spaces and weak forms: the forms and are real-bilinear on the stated spaces.
Bounded Stokes pressure sensors: each is real-linear and for .
Proof
For any and , bilinearity in [F4] makes satisfy both weak equations with load . Uniqueness in [F1] therefore gives ; hence the pressure map and each sensor output are real-linear.
Applying the pressure estimate in [F2] to and using step 1.1 yields . The constant is finite by [F3].
For each , [F5] gives . Sum these finitely many inequalities, take square roots, and use step 2.1 to obtain the asserted Euclidean observation bound.