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CorollaryStatement: Literature-sourcedProof: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedprecheck passaudited 2026-09-06
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Ext can be computed from any projective resolution of the first variable

Statement

Assume the Axiom of Dependent Choice and the hypotheses of The balanced Ext bifunctor. If Q is any other supplied projective resolution datum on the same class of objects, then for every M,N and n≥0, Ext⁡An(M,N)≅HnHom⁡(Q∙,N), naturally in M and N. In particular, the formula computes Ext from any individual projective resolution Q∙(M)→M; the resulting objectwise isomorphism is canonical on cohomology.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Dependent Choice, the balanced Ext hypotheses, supplied data P,Q, objects M,N, and n≥0.

[F1]

Projective comparison maps lifting any object morphism exist: Projective comparison maps exist.

[F2]

Two comparison maps lifting the same morphism are chain-homotopic: Projective comparison maps are unique up to chain homotopy.

[F3]

Resolutions of the same object are homotopy equivalent: Projective resolutions of the same object are homotopy equivalent over that object.

Proof

technique · direct
1.1F1F2F3choose

Choose aM:Q∙(M)→P∙(M) lifting 1M. A reverse comparison is its homotopy inverse since both composites lift the identity and [F2] compares them with identity chain maps.

2.1step 1.1F2algebra

Precomposition gives aM∗:Hom⁡(P∙(M),N)→Hom⁡(Q∙(M),N). A homotopy a−b=dh+hd induces the cochain homotopy sn(f)=f∘hn−1, with s0=0. Thus Hn(aM∗) is a choice-independent isomorphism. Its source is Ext⁡Pn(M,N) by Ext via a projective resolution of the first variable, hence balanced Ext by The balanced Ext bifunctor.

3.1F1F2step 2.1construct

For u:M′→M, choose lifts P(u) and Q(u) by [F1]. Precomposition defines their cohomology actions independently of the lifts by [F2]. Identities and composition follow because composites lift the object composites. The maps P(u)aM′ and aMQ(u) both lift u, so [F2] makes them homotopic. Precomposition and cohomology therefore give the required contravariant naturality square in M.

4.1step 2.1step 3.1algebra∎

Postcomposition by v:N→N′ commutes exactly with precomposition by aM. This gives naturality in N and hence both variables. For a single supplied resolution Q∙(M), steps 1.1–2.1 already give the canonical objectwise isomorphism. No simultaneous class-wide choice of comparison maps is required.

Depends on

Used by

Dependency tree · two levels

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Sources