How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
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- AI-generated: a genuinely novel statement formulated by AI, with no source for the claim itself.
These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Self-adjoint complex function algebras, unitality, and point separation
Definition
Let be a compact Hausdorff space (Open cover, subcover, and compact topological space; a compact subset is a subspace that is compact in its own right, Hausdorff space: distinct points have disjoint open neighbourhoods; every metrizable space is Hausdorff and the indiscrete topology on two points is not), and let be the published complex field (The complex numbers as , with the real embedding and imaginary unit , is a field, every element is uniquely , and every nonzero element has inverse ) with conjugation and modulus as in Real and imaginary parts, complex conjugation, and modulus and Conjugation is an involutive real-field automorphism, , and modulus is definite, multiplicative, and subadditive. The space consists of the continuous maps from to (Continuity of a map of topological spaces at a point and globally), where carries the metric of The Euclidean metric, convergence, Cauchy sequences, and continuity on the complex plane. That metric is a metric on , not on .
Uniform approximation on this page. For and , is uniformly approximable by members of means that for every there is with for every ; the uniform closure of is the set of members of uniformly approximable by members of , and is uniformly dense when that closure is all of . This reading is stated in terms of alone and is therefore available for every , the empty space included. For nonempty it is exactly density for the topology of uniform convergence of Uniform convergence, and the topology of uniform convergence: the metric topology of the uniform metric on and on applied to the metric , whose uniform metric that item defines only on a nonempty domain.
A subset is a complex function algebra when it is a complex vector subspace under the pointwise operations of The vector space of all functions with pointwise operations, and as the case and is closed under the pointwise multiplication of The ring of all functions from a set into a ring, with pointwise operations. It is self-adjoint when where .
The algebra is unital when it contains every constant complex-valued function, point-separating when every distinct admit with , and nowhere-vanishing when every admits with .
Depends on
- The ring $R^{X}$ of all functions from a set $X$ into a ring, with pointwise operations
- The vector space $F^{X}$ of all functions $X \to F$ with pointwise operations, and $F^{n}$ as the case $X = n = \{0, 1, \dots, n-1\}$
- Continuity of a map of topological spaces at a point and globally
- Open cover, subcover, and compact topological space; a compact subset is a subspace that is compact in its own right
- Hausdorff space: distinct points have disjoint open neighbourhoods; every metrizable space is Hausdorff and the indiscrete topology on two points is not
- The complex numbers as $\mathbb R[x]/(x^2+1)$, with the real embedding and imaginary unit $i$
- $\mathbb C=\mathbb R[x]/(x^2+1)$ is a field, every element is uniquely $a+bi$, and every nonzero element has inverse $(a-bi)/(a^2+b^2)$
- Real and imaginary parts, complex conjugation, and modulus
- Conjugation is an involutive real-field automorphism, $z\overline z=|z|^2$, and modulus is definite, multiplicative, and subadditive
- The Euclidean metric, convergence, Cauchy sequences, and continuity on the complex plane
- Uniform convergence, and the topology of uniform convergence: the metric topology of the uniform metric on $Y^{X}$ and on $C(X,Y)$
Used by
- The unital algebra generated by a separating complex family and its conjugates is dense Corollary
- The disc algebra is unital and separating but not self-adjoint or dense Counterexample
- On a finite compact Hausdorff space a unital separating algebra contains every scalar-valued function Example
- Trigonometric polynomials are uniformly dense on the unit circle Example
- The real-valued part of a point-separating self-adjoint complex function algebra is separating and has the same common zeros Lemma
Dependency tree · next 3 levels
Direct dependencies and their dependencies through the next three levels: 156 results over 19 levels. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, and this result sits at the bottom with a heavier outline. Click the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- J. M. Erdman, A Companion to Real Analysis, Definition 21.2.13 (standard reference, not scraped)
- E. Carlen, Notes on Topology and the Stone-Weierstrass Theorem, definition preceding Theorem 1.29 (standard reference, not scraped)