Alphabeta Math
ExampleConstruction: AI-generatedVerification: AI-adaptedPipeline-generatedjudge pass (gpt-6-luna)verified 2026-10-22 (gpt-6.1-sol)
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Neumann constants and the Dirichlet boundary cost

Example

Assume Countable Choice. On every bounded Lipschitz domain Ω⊂Rn (a bounded open set with a finite Lipschitz graph cover of its boundary, with the domain on one side of each graph), a constant function u≡c has TVN(u;Ω)=0. On the unit disk B⊂R2, if c≠0 then TVD(c;B)=2π∣c∣.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: Countable Choice, a bounded Lipschitz domain Ω, a real constant c, and the unit disk B⊂R2.

[A1]

Countable Choice is used for Lebesgue Fubini and the Riemann-to-Lebesgue integral comparison. (The Axiom of Countable Choice (ACω))

[F1]

Neumann variation is the mass of the derivative inside the open domain; Dirichlet variation is the total variation of the zero extension. (Full-space, Dirichlet, and Neumann TV conventions)

[F2]

The unit disk indicator belongs to BV and has total variation 2π. (A smooth-curve jump has perimeter total variation)

[F3]

Distributional derivative acts by the negative-transpose test formula. (Spatial BV and distributional total variation)

[F4]

Lebesgue measure on Rn is finite on bounded sets under Countable Choice. (Lebesgue measure is a Radon measure on R^n)

[F5]

Fubini identifies integrals of integrable functions on Euclidean product spaces with iterated integrals. (Fubini's theorem for L^1 functions on a sigma-finite product)

[F6]

Bounded Riemann-integrable functions on compact intervals have the same Lebesgue integral under Countable Choice. (A bounded Riemann integrable function on a closed bounded interval is Lebesgue measurable and has the same integral)

Verification

Given: Countable Choice, the constant u≡c, and the conventions in [F1].

1.1A1F1F3F4F5F6F7given

For every ϕ∈Cc∞(Ω), extend ϕ by zero to a smooth compactly supported function on Rn. It and each derivative are integrable by [F4]. Fubini [F5] reduces ∫Rn∂iϕ to one-dimensional integrals along coordinate lines; on each line the derivative is continuous with compact support, so [F6] identifies its Lebesgue integral with its Riemann integral and [F7] makes that integral zero. Thus ⟨Diu,ϕ⟩=−c∫Ω∂iϕ dx=0 for every coordinate, so Du=0 and TVN(u;Ω)=0 by [F1].

2.1F1F2step 1.1givenalgebra∎

On the disk, the zero extension of c is cχB. Its distributional derivative is cDχB, so homogeneity of the partition variation and [F2] give TVD(c;B)=∣c∣TV(χB;R2)=2π∣c∣.

Depends on

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