How statement and proof provenance work
The first chip identifies the source of the statement or construction; the second identifies the source of its local proof or verification.
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These labels describe origin, not correctness: citations and verification chips remain separate evidence.
Conway coefficients and the degree-two Kontsevich symbol
Example
Assume a Conway skein function on oriented links exists with and . For a knot , put . The unframed degree-one chord-diagram module is zero. The degree-two symbol of is the weight system that assigns to the intersecting two-chord diagram and to the diagram with two nonintersecting chords. In particular, for the unknot and for the positive trefoil that is the closure of the two-strand braid . Let be the complex-linear extension of . Under countable choice, the degree-two truncation of the normalized Kontsevich series recovers this example up to its unique degree-zero normalization: for every knot type ,
Here is the degree-two coefficient of , and is its degree-zero coefficient. This calculation is conditional on the existence supplier for and asserts no rationality for the coefficients of .
The two degree-two chord patterns are shown below. Endpoints alternate in the first diagram and not in the second; the diagram only labels the two cases used in the algebraic check.
Example references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A Conway skein function , the unframed chord-diagram module, the positive Artin crossing convention, and countable choice for knot-isotopy invariance of .
The Conway polynomial: and for every oriented skein triple.
The second Conway coefficient is a degree-two finite-type invariant: has type at most two, its degree-two symbol is , , and , for the specified positive trefoil.
Framed chord diagrams and four-term relations: degree-one diagrams are killed by 1T; at degree two the only circle diagrams are the intersecting and nonintersecting patterns shown.
Universality of the Kontsevich integral: under countable choice, every type-at-most-two invariant has a complex-linear functional on the sum of unframed chord modules through degree two that recovers it; the degree-two part of this functional is its degree-two symbol.
The Kontsevich integral on parenthesized braids: for every knot, since both and have degree-zero coefficient .
Discharged existence input. The Conway polynomial now supplies the actual unique -valued oriented ambient-link invariant by its explicitly external Lickorish Seifert-determinant and skein theorem (Chapter 8, Theorems 8.5–8.6, printed pp. 82–83) and CDM ambient-link/skein interpretation, followed by the finite polynomial/uniqueness argument. Thus the Conway function in the Given is an actual available object, not an unresolved well-definedness premise. The finite coefficient/chord/trefoil arguments below are retained unchanged; no general rationality assertion for the Kontsevich coefficients is used.
Verification
Given: As above.
The unique degree-one circle diagram has an isolated chord, so [F3] sets it to zero. In degree two, the two chord pairings are exactly and : their four endpoints either alternate or do not. By [F2], evaluates them as and , so it is a nonzero functional on the unframed quotient.
The unknot normalization gives . For the positive Hopf link , switching one crossing cancels an adjacent positive and negative half twist and gives the two-component unlink; smoothing gives . A local type-I curl on one component of the two-component unlink has both crossing signs isotopic to that unlink and smoothing equal to the three-component unlink. The skein relation therefore gives . Multiplication by the indeterminate is injective in , because a polynomial with has every coefficient ; hence . Applying the same curl argument to the unknot gives . Thus . For , switching one crossing cancels an adjacent inverse pair and gives , while smoothing gives . Hence , so .
Let be the functional supplied by [F4] for . Its degree-two restriction is by [F2] and complex linearity; the only lower-degree summand is degree zero because [F3] makes degree one zero. Since and by [F5], the value of on the degree-zero unit is . Therefore , which equals by [F4]. This verifies the displayed universal-series recovery for every knot type.
Depends on
Used by
Nothing in the library uses this result yet.
Dependency tree · two levels
18 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Introduction to Vassiliev Knot Invariants, §2.3 and §3.1.1 (standard reference, not scraped)
- Polyak–Viro Formulas for Coefficients of the Conway Polynomial, §§3.4–4.2 (standard reference, not scraped)
- The Fundamental Theorem of Vassiliev Invariants, §2.6 (standard reference, not scraped)