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The independent reward-stack model has the prescribed conditional arm laws
Statement
In the finite reward-stack model, fix a round , an arm , an event with , and a Borel set . Then
In particular, the reward stack satisfies the fixed conditional reward-law and conditional-mean interface for finite-arm stochastic environments.
Statement references
Finite stochastic bandit model, gaps, and regret: the table entries are mutually independent, a policy uses only the revealed history and independent learner randomness, and each pull reveals the next unused entry of the chosen arm's stack.
Adversary and feedback models: the fixed conditional arm-law and conditional-mean identities required by the sequential stochastic reward model.
Tor Lattimore and Csaba Szepesvári, Bandit Algorithms: §4.6, PDF p. 74 / printed p. 65; Exercise 4.4.
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A finite reward-stack model, a non-anticipating policy, a round , an arm , and an event contained in .
The policy uses only and the previously revealed actions and rewards; on a fixed action history, the observed rewards are exactly the corresponding initial entries of the arm stacks (Finite stochastic bandit model, gaps, and regret).
The learner randomization and all table entries form a finite independent family (Independent random elements), whose joint law is the finite product of its marginal laws (Independent random elements have product joint law).
For each arm , every table entry has law and finite first absolute moment, with mean (Finite stochastic bandit model, gaps, and regret).
Measurable functions of independent random elements remain independent (Measurable coordinatewise functions preserve independence).
Expectations of finite products of mutually independent integrable real random variables factor (Expectation factors over a finite product of mutually independent random variables), and (The expectation of an indicator is the probability of the event).
Expectation is the Lebesgue integral and is linear on integrable real random variables (Expectation of a nonnegative or integrable random variable, Linearity, monotonicity, and the modulus bound for expectation).
Proof
Partition by the finitely many past action strings . Let be the number of times arm occurs in , and write . By the recursive non-anticipating policy rule, each is measurable with respect to and the table entries with : along that fixed action string, those and only those stack entries have been revealed.
If is nonempty then on it, and the next reward is . This table entry is distinct from every coordinate determining . By [F2] it is independent of the vector of those coordinates, so the event is independent of for every Borel . Its law is , hence .
The events partition . Summing the identity in step 2.1 over the finite set gives for every Borel .
For each , the indicator is a measurable function of the exposed-coordinate vector. By [F2] and [F4], it is independent of . Both are integrable by [F3], so [F5] and [F6] give . Summing over the finite action strings yields .
Depends on
- Finite stochastic bandit model, gaps, and regret
- Adversary and feedback models
- Independent random elements
- Independent random elements have product joint law
- Measurable coordinatewise functions preserve independence
- Expectation factors over a finite product of mutually independent random variables
- The expectation of an indicator is the probability of the event
- Linearity, monotonicity, and the modulus bound for expectation
- Expectation of a nonnegative or integrable random variable
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Sources
- Tor Lattimore and Csaba Szepesvári, Bandit Algorithms (standard reference, not scraped)