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A dualizable link can slide off a meridian disk
Statement
Assume countable choice. Let be a dualizable framed handle link, and isotope to an unknot bounding a disk that meets transversely in one point. Then there is a finite sequence of slides of the -handle over the -handle , together with link isotopies, after which the attaching circle for is disjoint from .
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: Countable choice, a dualizable handle link, and the stated spanning disk .
Countable choice, written , is The Axiom of Countable Choice ().
Dualizable framed handle link: both and are meridional pairs; and are zero-framed -handle attaching circles, while is dotted and represents a -handle.
Handle slide of one k handle over another: a slide of over replaces its attaching circle by a band sum with a signed framed parallel copy of .
Proof
Let be the unique point of , and put the current attaching circle transverse to . Its intersection set is finite: it is a compact zero-dimensional transverse submanifold, disjoint from . If it is empty there is nothing to do. Otherwise choose . A sufficiently close framed parallel of is disjoint from and meets once, at a point close to . Indeed near the transverse arc has product coordinates in which is and is a vertical interval; choose the parallel's displacement there tangent to the disk. Away from this coordinate ball the compact sets and are disjoint, so a sufficiently small parallel creates no other intersection. The displacement can be interpolated in the framed normal disk bundle without changing the prescribed parallel's framing.
Orient the signed parallel so that its intersection sign with at is opposite to the sign of the intersection of with at . Reversing the orientation of the parallel changes this sign without changing its underlying framed curve, and [F2] permits either signed parallel. Join to by a smooth embedded arc in whose interior misses , , and . Such an arc is obtained by a polygonal path in the disk minus the finitely many forbidden points, removing loops in its finite subdivision and smoothing its corners in small disjoint disks. A thin strip about misses the remaining intersections and . Choose the strip's normal product neighborhood so that the short branches of at and the chosen oriented at are vertical, while its interior misses all three retained components. In its positive side, join short intervals of these vertical branches by an embedded band running just above . Give the band its product framing and choose the band-end coordinates by the full seam convention in [F2], so its orientation extends the orientation of over the selected signed parallel. Band summing with this is therefore an allowed slide over .
One of the new band-sum arcs runs along one edge of the band between and . Together with a parallel of in , it bounds an embedded product disk in the positive half-neighborhood. Of the two endpoints, one has positive intersection sign and the other negative sign. Orienting this arc from the positive-sign crossing to the negative-sign crossing, it enters the positive side of at the first endpoint and exits at the second; thus the entire arc lies on the positive side. Its interior misses the slid circle and the retained components: the other edge of the band is chosen on the opposite transverse side of this disk, and the rest of and misses the neighborhood. Push this arc across the disk and slightly into the negative side of , rounding its ends. In strip coordinates this replaces the arch above joining the two opposite-sign intersections by an arc below ; extend the motion to its thin tubular neighborhood. This is a link isotopy supported away from . It removes precisely and creates none, while all old intersections away from persist. Thus a slide followed by this isotopy changes from to . Transport the attaching framing by this isotopy.
Repeat steps 1.1–3.1 for the current attaching circle whenever an intersection remains. Each new parallel and strip can be chosen sufficiently thin for that finite stage, and the fixed are retained. The nonnegative integer intersection count drops by one at every stage, so after exactly the original number of intersections the current attaching circle is disjoint from . The resulting finite sequence consists solely of the permitted framed slides and link isotopies and proves the full statement.
Depends on
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Dependency tree · two levels
17 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Lisa Piccirillo, The Conway knot is not slice (standard reference, not scraped)
- Jennifer Hom, Getting a handle on the Conway knot (standard reference, not scraped)