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The exterior of a slice disk has first homology generated by a meridian
Statement
Let be a smooth properly embedded disk with boundary knot . Choose a product tubular neighborhood whose intersection with is the chosen tube , and let . Then the inclusion induces an isomorphism carrying the positive meridian of to the positive normal-circle generator.
Statement references
Facts & Assumptions
Given: A smooth proper disk in the standard , its product tubular neighborhood, and the induced knot exterior on the boundary.
Excision for singular homology and Long exact sequence of a pair: relative homology excision and the natural pair sequence apply to the compact manifold pairs below.
Contractible nonempty spaces have the homology of a point gives the homology of any nonempty contractible space. The contractions of and of therefore make their positive-degree homology zero. By Homotopy equivalences induce isomorphisms on singular homology, the retraction identifies the homology of with that of ; Homology of spheres gives and .
Knot exterior and Meridian and preferred longitude fix the boundary exterior and positive-meridian orientation.
Proof
The portion of added by deleting is the normal-circle bundle , and it meets in . By excision [F2], the relative pair has the homology of . The latter solid-torus subspace has generated by a normal circle and , while is contractible by [F3]. Its pair sequence [F2] therefore identifies with , generated by a normal disk whose boundary is that normal circle.
In the pair sequence of , the segment has zero end groups by [F3]. Hence is an isomorphism. The generator from step 1.1 maps to the normal circle on . A path in the base disk from an interior point to a boundary point gives a homotopy of these normal circles to the boundary meridian of , with orientation fixed by [F4]. Thus .
The inclusion carries the boundary meridian to the same normal circle . It is therefore an isomorphism between the infinite cyclic groups in [F1] and step 2.1.
Depends on
- A knot exterior has first homology generated by its meridian
- Knot exterior
- Meridian and preferred longitude
- Excision for singular homology
- Long exact sequence of a pair
- Homology of spheres
- Contractible nonempty spaces have the homology of a point
- Homotopy equivalences induce isomorphisms on singular homology
Used by
Dependency tree · two levels
26 results within two dependency steps of this one, each drawn at its shortest distance from it. An arrow runs from a result to what uses it, so the chart reads left to right and ends at this result, which carries a heavier outline. Every node is a link to that result. Click elsewhere on the chart to enlarge it.
Sources
- Lisa Piccirillo, The Conway knot is not slice (standard reference, not scraped)
- Allen Hatcher, Algebraic Topology (standard reference, not scraped)