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Torsion Eilenberg–Mac Lane spaces are rationally acyclic

Statement

Assume AC. If T is any torsion abelian group and n≥1, every CW K(T,n) has H_0(K(T,n);Q)=Q and H_j(K(T,n);Q)=0 for j>0. No cardinality or finite-type restriction is imposed.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: AC; a torsion abelian group T and an integer n≥1; a CW model K(T,n); the weak-join model BwF for finite subgroups F≤T; and the actual path fibration ΩK(T,n)→PK(T,n)→K(T,n) with contractible total space.

[F1]

Rationalization is exact and identifies integral homology tensored with Q with rational homology, so vanishing of rational homology tests acyclicity (Rationalization is exact and commutes with singular homology).

[F2]

The weak-join construction gives CW models BwF with discrete covering J(F)→BwF and weakly contractible total space (The weak-join model is a CW K(G,1)); covering maps have unique path and homotopy lifting (Lifting criterion for maps from path-connected locally path-connected spaces, Two lifts from a connected space that agree at one point agree everywhere), and cellular maps induce cellular chain maps (Cellular maps induce cellular chain maps, Cellular homology computes singular homology).

[F3]

Weak equivalences induce integral homology isomorphisms and homotopy equivalences induce homology isomorphisms (Weak homotopy equivalences induce integral homology isomorphisms without choice, Homotopy equivalences induce isomorphisms on singular homology); the mapping-path factorization and fibration exact sequence compute the strict loop fiber of the path fibration (Mapping path factorization, Long exact sequence of homotopy groups of a fibration).

[F4]

CW approximation attaches to a prescribed based vertex and marked Eilenberg–Mac Lane models are unique (CW approximation of an arbitrary space, Existence and homotopy uniqueness of Eilenberg--Mac Lane spaces); the rational Serre sequence of a fibration over a simply connected base converges to the abutment (Homological Serre spectral sequence) and a contractible nonempty space has the homology of a point (Contractible nonempty spaces have the homology of a point).

[F5]

AC chooses the finite subgroups, their generators, the CW models and the approximations (The Axiom of Choice).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1givenF1F2F5

A finitely generated subgroup F of T is finite: if its generators have orders d_1,...,d_r, the product of those cyclic groups surjects onto F. For finite F, the covering J(F)→B_wF has |F| sheets. For each singular simplex, sum all its lifts to obtain a chain map τ. Existence and uniqueness of based lifts apply because a simplex is simply connected; restriction to a face bijects its lift set with that face's lift set. Thus ∂τ=τ∂ and p_#τ=|F| id, including degree zero. These are exactly the lift-sum identities proved in the published transfer supplier. On rational homology, τ_* is injective because p_τ_=|F| id. The map J(F)→* is a weak equivalence by the weak-join K(G,1) lemma; the published weak-equivalence/homology lemma and the rationalization lemma give zero positive rational homology of J(F). Therefore B_wF has zero positive rational homology. A rational cellular cycle in B_wT has finite support. Row 3 places all its cells in B_wF for one finitely generated, hence finite, subgroup F. The cellular differential agrees with that in B_wF, and the inclusion of cellular chain groups is injective, so the same chain is a cycle in B_wF. It bounds there by the preceding paragraph, hence bounds in B_wT. Cellular/singular comparison proves positive rational acyclicity. Marked CW uniqueness identifies B_wT with every chosen K(T,1), and homotopy invariance transfers the result.

2.1step 1.1F3F4F5∎

Take the actual path fibration ΩK(T,n)→PK(T,n)→K(T,n), with contractible total, from the mapping-path supplier. Its exact sequence shows its loop fiber is path-connected and has T as its only positive homotopy group, in degree n−1. Apply the relative version of CW approximation with a prescribed vertex mapping to the constant loop, obtaining a based weak equivalence L→ΩK(T,n). L is a marked CW K(T,n−1). Its rational homology is that of the loop fiber by the published weak-equivalence/homology lemma and the rationalization lemma, and is acyclic by the induction hypothesis. The base K(T,n) is simply connected. In the rational Serre sequence only the row b=0 remains, with E^2_{a,0}=H_a(K(T,n);Q). No differential can enter that row, and every outgoing target is zero. Strong convergence and contractibility of the total force H_a(K(T,n);Q)=0 for a>0. Path-connectedness gives H_0=Q. This is a finite induction for each specified n, and requires no homotopy equivalence from a CW complex to the strict loop fiber.

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