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The Perron family is nonempty and uniformly bounded by the boundary data

Statement

Let ΩC be a bounded complex domain and let φ:ΩR be continuous. Put m=minΩφ,M=maxΩφ. Then:

  1. P(φ,Ω) is nonempty;
  2. every vP(φ,Ω) satisfies vM on Ω;
  3. the constant function m belongs to P(φ,Ω), so the Perron envelope satisfies mUφM.

Facts & Assumptions

Given: A bounded complex domain Ω and a continuous boundary datum φ:ΩR.

[L1]

The Perron lower family consists of subharmonic functions satisfying the boundary limsup inequality against φ (The Perron lower family for continuous boundary data).

[L2]

A subharmonic function on a connected domain cannot attain a finite interior maximum unless it is constant (A plane subharmonic function with an interior maximum is constant on its component).

Proof

technique · direct
1.1

The constant function m is harmonic, hence subharmonic, and its boundary limsup equals mφ. Therefore mP(φ,Ω) by [L1], so the Perron family is nonempty.

L1given
1.2

Let vP(φ,Ω) and fix ε>0. By the boundary limsup condition in [L1], every boundary point ζ has a neighbourhood Uζ such that vM+ε on UζΩ. The boundary is compact because Ω is bounded, so finitely many such neighbourhoods cover Ω; their union leaves a compact set KΩ. If v exceeded M+ε somewhere in Ω, then upper semicontinuity would make v attain its maximum over K at an interior point with value >M+ε, contradicting [L2] because v is not constant with that value near the boundary collar. Hence vM+ε on Ω.

L1L2given
2.1

Letting ε0 in step 1.2 gives vM on Ω for every vP(φ,Ω). Together with step 1.1, this yields mUφM.

step 1.1step 1.2

Depends on

Used by

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Sources